1. Henry Ford Model ‘T’ Ford & The Cycle of Prosperity By Mr RJ Hugginswww.SchoolHistory.co.uk

2. The Model ‘T’ Ford • Henry Ford set out to build a car which everyone could afford to buy. • It was slow, ugly and difficult to drive, and was nick named the ‘Tin Lizzie’ by the American people.

3. The Model ‘T’ Ford • The attraction of the Model T Ford was that its price never increased. • Costing $1200 in 1909, the price in 1928 was only $295. • By 1929 Ford was producing more than one car per minute

4. Mass Production • Ford was able to sell cars cheaply because they were mass-produced and every part was Standardised (only one colour and one engine size were available). • By producing large numbers of cars on an Assembly Line Ford needed fewer skilledworkers, and that cut the cost of paying wages.

5. Mass Production Ford invented the idea of using an Assembly Line to speed up production.

6. Key Quote – Henry Ford • ‘A customer can have any colour he likes for his car so long as it's black’ How would this have helped to cut production costs?

7. ‘… each man and each machine do only one thing ... the thing is to keep everything in motion and take the work to the man not the man to the work’ Henry Ford 1925 Assembly Lines

8. More jobs are created in other industries. Car Industry Mass productions & Standardisation lead to increased car sales. More Standardised parts are needed The Cycle of Prosperity! Jobs in Diners, Motels & Gas Stations. Steel More Oil is used. Rubber Leather More people with jobs means that they can afford to buy a car! Glass More roads are built.

9. Car Production & Cycle of Prosperity • Car production used up 20% of America's steel, 80% of her rubber, 75% of her plate glass and 65% of her leather. • By the end of the 1920s American cars used seven billion gallons of petrol a year. • This helped to create jobs in the oil industry and made the oil state of Texas rich.

10. Aerial view of the Rouge plant in 1930 In 1929, there were 81,000 men working in this one factory

11. In order to get a a grade ‘C’ upwards in exams, you must learn and use the key words & facts. These concepts will be awarded as key ‘knowledge.’ Cycle of Prosperity Mass Production Assembly Lines Unskilled Workers Standardisation. Model ‘T’ Ford Tin Lizzie Summary Key Words

12. Exam Question 1 A small town in Texas, 1925 • How reliable is this source to an historian writing about the effects of mass production in the USA in the 1920s?

13. ‘A customer can have any colour he likes for his car so long as it's black’ Exam Question 2 • Does this quote fully explain how the system of mass production worked? Use your own knowledge and the source to explain your answer.

14. Mark Scheme

15. Some cars are similar i.e. Standardisation. Model T Fords Cycle of Prosperity – people can afford to buy cars. Only one town. Not enough evidence for the whole of the USA. Texas was a rich oil producing state which meant more people could afford to buy cars than other parts of the USA. Level 4 = an answer which includes one from each column. Question 1Level 3 For Against

16. All the cars are the same colour – black - i.e. Standardisation. No mention of Assembly Lines No mention of cheap unskilled workers. Level 4 = an answer which includes one from each column. Question 2Level 3 For Against

17. Improving your grades = D Just uses sources. = C Relevant knowledge & concepts backing up one side. = A Answer using relevant Knowledge & concepts.

18. Please send any reviews about this presentation to: hugy@huggins2000.freeserve.co.uk All comments will be useful to help improve future presentations. Please keep on sharing your ideas and resources with School History. Many hands make light work for everyone. The End