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The Great Depression

The Great Depression Difficult Times for America What was the Great Depression? A worldwide economic crisis The crash of the stock market The failure of banks and businesses America’s worst period of unemployment A nightmare for the American Dream A time of poverty and despair

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The Great Depression

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  1. The Great Depression Difficult Times for America

  2. What was the Great Depression? • A worldwide economic crisis • The crash of the stock market • The failure of banks and businesses • America’s worst period of unemployment • A nightmare for the American Dream • A time of poverty and despair

  3. Stock Market Crash • October 24, 1929 • Black Thursday • Panic • Too many had gambled by borrowing to buy stock • Black Tuesday, October 29, 1929, the beginning of the Great Depression

  4. Causes of the Great Depression • Industries using machinery produced surpluses of goods • Low salaries prevented many from buying goods • Farmers had bad years and had to borrow money from banks • Huge farm surpluses caused a drop in prices and losses to farmers • Import tariffs discouraged trade with foreign countries

  5. The Crash Continues • Banks failed • Factories closed • Stores closed • Crop prices fell • Jobs disappeared • Homes were lost

  6. Some of the Statistics • In 1931, 800 banks failed in 2 months • In 1932 over 30,000 companies closed • Black unemployment rose to 56 % in 1932 • By 1933 salaries fell 40% and hourly wages fell 60% • By 1935, 10 to 20 thousand children under the age of 10 worked in mills or on farms

  7. People in the Depression • Evictions • Hunger • Malnutrition • Disease • Hobos • Breadlines

  8. Sometimes Homeless and Hungry

  9. Sometimes in a Hooverville Home

  10. Sometimes Unable to Find Work

  11. Sometimes Persevering

  12. Sometimes Content

  13. Sometimes Laughing

  14. Sometimes Enduring

  15. How Did the Great Depression End? • Franklin D. Roosevelt • Discontent with Herbert Hoover • Voters elected Roosevelt to the presidency in 1932

  16. How Did the Great Depression End? • Roosevelt and advisors created the New Deal • Relief and recovery • Public works programs funded by government • Provided thousands of jobs

  17. How Did the Great Depression End? • World War II1941 • Increased demand for American goods • The end of the Great Depression

  18. Bibliography and Credits • Photographs and posters are courtesy of the American Memory Collection of the Library of Congress • Bigger, Margaret G., ed. The Great Depression—How We Coped, Worked and Played. A. Borough Books: Charlotte, NC, 2001. • Farrell, Jacqueline. The Great Depression. World History Series. Lucent Books: San Diego, 1996.

  19. continued • Gerdes, Louise I, ed. The 1930s. Greenhaven Press: San Diego, 2000. • McElvaine, Robert S. The Great Depression: America, 1929—1941. Times Books: New York, 1984. • Mulvey, Deb, ed. ‘We Had Everything But Money.’ Reminisce Books: Greendale, WI, 1992.

  20. Links to More Information • History of the Great Depressionhttp://www.usembassy.de/usa/history-depression.htm

  21. Links • The New Dealhttp://usinfo.state.gov/products/pubs/history/ch10.htmhttp://www.fdrlibrary.marist.edu/index.html • Fireside chatshttp://www.mhrcc.org/fdr/fdr.html

  22. Links • Banking http://www.fdic.gov/about/learn/learning/when/1930s.html

  23. Links • Dust Bowl http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/dustbowl/

  24. Links • Hoboshttp://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/rails/index.html

  25. Links • Hoovervilleshttp://www.washington.edu/uwired/outreach/cspn/hstaa432/lesson_19/hooverville.html http://www.historylink.org/galleries/nowthen/hoover.htm http://www.clpgh.org/exhibit/neighborhoods/strip/strip_n24.htmlhttp://www.pbs.org/wnet/newyork/laic/episode6/topic1/e6_t1_s3-hv.html

  26. Links • Bungalows http://www.sos.state.mi.us/history/museum/explore/museums/hismus/1900-75/depressn/bungradi.html

  27. Links • Music, Arts, Fashion, etc. http://kclibrary.nhmccd.edu/decade30.htmlhttp://www.archives.gov/exhibit_hall/new_deal_for_the_arts/index.html

  28. Links • Movieshttp://xroads.virginia.edu/~1930s/FILM/filmfr.html http://www.reelclassics.com/Actresses/Shirley/shirley.htmhttp://www.reelclassics.com/Movies/GWTW/GWTW.htmhttp://www.reelclassics.com/Movies/MrSmith/mrsmith.htm

  29. Links • Movies continuedhttp://www.reelclassics.com/Teams/Fred&Ginger/fred&ginger7.htmhttp://www.reelclassics.com/Musicals/Wizoz/wizoz.htmhttp://www.filmsite.org/snow.html

  30. Links • Radiohttp://www.radiohof.org/musicvariety/katesmith.html http://www.radiohof.org/adventuredrama/shadow.html http://members.aol.com/jeff1070/wotw.html

  31. Links • Comics http://xroads.virginia.edu/~1930s/PRINT/comic/cartoon.html

  32. Links • Breadlines http://www.pbs.org/wnet/newyork/laic/episode6/topic1/e6_t1_s2-bl.html

  33. The End

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