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Invertebrate Animals by Phylum

Invertebrate Animals by Phylum. Porifera Cnidaria Platyhelminthes Nematoda Mollusca Annelida Arthropoda. What’s a PHYLUM?. Phylum: a taxonomic grouping of similar classes of organisms Translation: a “phylum” is a GROUP of organisms who have a lot in common

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Invertebrate Animals by Phylum

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  1. Invertebrate Animals by Phylum Porifera Cnidaria Platyhelminthes Nematoda Mollusca Annelida Arthropoda

  2. What’s a PHYLUM? • Phylum: a taxonomic grouping of similar classes of organisms • Translation: a “phylum” is a GROUP of organisms who have a lot in common • Phyla are big, huge CLADES, just below KINGDOMS in size and just above CLASSES in size

  3. What’s an INVERTEBRATE? • Definition: an animal without a backbone. • None of the animals so far have had backbones, but we’re not done yet!

  4. On to the Phyla! • Porifera • Cnidaria • Platyhelminthes • Nematoda • Mollusca • Annelida • Arthropoda  Already covered in detail. • Today’s Focus. But what do you already know?

  5. Porifera Cnidaria  Platyhelminthes  Nematoda  Mollusca  Annelida  ArthropodaPhylum Porifera • The first animals: SPONGES!

  6. Porifera Cnidaria  Platyhelminthes  Nematoda  Mollusca  Annelida  ArthropodaPhylum Porifera • The first animals: SPONGES! • Asymmetrical body plan

  7. Porifera Cnidaria  Platyhelminthes  Nematoda  Mollusca  Annelida  ArthropodaPhylum Porifera • The first animals: SPONGES! • Asymmetrical body plan • Sessile adults, mobile “babies”

  8. Porifera Cnidaria  Platyhelminthes  Nematoda  Mollusca  Annelida  ArthropodaPhylum Porifera • The first animals: SPONGES! • Asymmetrical body plan • Sessile adults, mobile “babies” • Filter-feed to eat

  9. Porifera Cnidaria  Platyhelminthes  Nematoda  Mollusca  Annelida  ArthropodaPhylum Porifera • The first animals: SPONGES! • Asymmetrical body plan • Sessile adults, mobile “babies” • Filter-feed to eat • Reproduce Sexually: pump sperm into water

  10. Porifera Cnidaria  Platyhelminthes  Nematoda  Mollusca  Annelida  ArthropodaPhylum Porifera • The first animals: SPONGES! • Asymmetrical body plan • Sessile adults, mobile “babies” • Filter-feed to eat • Reproduce Sexually: pump sperm into water • Reproduce Asexually: by “budding”

  11. Porifera Cnidaria  Platyhelminthes  Nematoda  Mollusca  Annelida  ArthropodaPhylum Porifera • Asymmetrical body plan • Sessile adults, mobile “babies” • Filter-feed to eat • Reproduce Sexually: pump sperm into water • Reproduce Asexually: by “budding” • No internal organs; acoelomate

  12. Porifera Cnidaria  Platyhelminthes  Nematoda  Mollusca  Annelida  ArthropodaPhylum Porifera • Asymmetrical body plan • Sessile adults, mobile “babies” • Filter-feed to eat • Reproduce Sexually: pump sperm into water • Reproduce Asexually: by “budding” • No digestive tract • No internal organs; acoelomate • Key adaptations: Have all general “animal” traits • Special: • held together by collagen, spicules for defense, complete regeneration!!!!1!

  13. Porifera  Cnidaria  Platyhelminthes  Nematoda  Mollusca  Annelida  Arthropoda Phylum Cnidaria! • The First MOVERS: Sea Anemones & Jellyfish!

  14. Porifera  Cnidaria  Platyhelminthes  Nematoda  Mollusca  Annelida  Arthropoda Phylum Cnidaria 2 radially symmetrical body plans: POLYP and MEDUSA

  15. Porifera  Cnidaria  Platyhelminthes  Nematoda  Mollusca  Annelida  Arthropoda Phylum Cnidaria • Sea Anemones & Jellyfish! • 2 radially symmetrical body plans: POLYP and MEDUSA • Usually sessile polyps, mobile medusas

  16. Porifera  Cnidaria  Platyhelminthes  Nematoda  Mollusca  Annelida  Arthropoda Phylum Cnidaria • Sea Anemones & Jellyfish! • 2 radially symmetrical body plans: POLYP and MEDUSA • Sessile polyps, Mobile medusas • Nutrition: actively capture prey

  17. Porifera  Cnidaria  Platyhelminthes  Nematoda  Mollusca  Annelida  Arthropoda Phylum Cnidaria • Sea Anemones & Jellyfish! • 2 radially symmetrical body plans: POLYP and MEDUSA • Sessile polyps, Mobile medusas • Actively capture prey • Adults reproduce sexually and are dioecious • Moon jelly polyps reproduce asexually by budding

  18. Porifera  Cnidaria  Platyhelminthes  Nematoda  Mollusca  Annelida  Arthropoda Phylum Cnidaria • Sea Anemones & Jellyfish! • 2 radially symmetrical body plans: POLYP and MEDUSA • Sessile polyps, Mobile medusas • Actively capture prey • Reproduction: • mostly sexual (dioecious: 2 separate sexes) • Moon Jelly polyps reproduce asexually (by budding)

  19. PoriferaCnidariaPlatyhelminthesNematodaMolluscaAnnelidaArthropoda Phylum Cnidaria • 2 radially symmetrical body plans: POLYP and MEDUSA • Sessile polyps, Mobile medusas • Actively capture prey • Reproduction: • mostly sexual (dioecious: 2 separate sexes) • Moon Jelly polyps reproduce asexually (by budding) • Key adaptations: • Movement (nerve net, 2 sets of muscles) • Incomplete Digestive Tract (mouth, stomach, no anus) • Behavior (capture prey, fight, mate) • Special: • Liquid Skeleton, nematocysts, tentacles

  20. Porifera  Cnidaria  Platyhelminthes Nematoda  Mollusca  Annelida  Arthropoda Phylum Platyhelminthes! Planarian Flatworms Parasitic Flatworms Habitat: inside other animals • Habitat: salt and freshwater

  21. Porifera  Cnidaria  Platyhelminthes Nematoda  Mollusca  Annelida  Arthropoda Phylum Platyhelminthes Planarian Flatworms Parasitic Flatworms Habitat: inside other animals Body plan: bilateral symmetry, cephalization (has a head) • Habitat: salt and freshwater • Body plan: bilateral symmetry, cephalization (has a head)

  22. Porifera  Cnidaria  Platyhelminthes Nematoda  Mollusca  Annelida  Arthropoda Phylum Platyhelminthes Planarian Flatworms Parasitic Flatworms Habitat: inside other animals Body plan: bilateral symmetry, cephalization (has a head) Locomotion: sessile inside host • Habitat: salt and freshwater • Body plan: bilateral symmetry, cephalization (has a head) • Locomotion: ripple to swim

  23. Porifera  Cnidaria  Platyhelminthes Nematoda  Mollusca  Annelida  Arthropoda Phylum Platyhelminthes Planarian Flatworms Parasitic Flatworms Habitat: inside other animals Body plan: bilateral symmetry, cephalization (has a head) Locomotion: sessile inside host Nutrition: steals host’s food; • Habitat: salt and freshwater • Body plan: bilateral symmetry, cephalization (has a head) • Locomotion: ripple to swim • Nutrition: hunts for food,

  24. Porifera  Cnidaria  Platyhelminthes Nematoda  Mollusca  Annelida  Arthropoda Phylum Platyhelminthes Planarian Flatworms Parasitic Flatworms Habitat: inside other animals Body plan: bilateral symmetry, cephalization (has a head) Locomotion: sessile inside host Nutrition: steals host’s food; head is “scolex” with suckers Reproduction: sexual (complex parasitic life cycle) • Habitat: salt and freshwater • Body plan: bilateral symmetry, cephalization (has a head) • Locomotion: ripple to swim • Nutrition: hunts for food, tube-like “pharynx” for mouth • Reproduction: sexual hermaphroditism, asexual regeneration

  25. Porifera  Cnidaria  Platyhelminthes Nematoda  Mollusca  Annelida  Arthropoda Phylum Platyhelminthes Planarian Flatworms Parasitic Flatworms Habitat: inside other animals Body plan: bilateral symmetry, cephalized Locomotion: sessile inside host Nutrition: steals host’s food; head is a “scolex” with suckers Reproduction: sexual (complex parasitic life cycle) Key adaptations: bilateral symmetry, arrow-shaped head, sense organs, ganglia • Habitat: salt and freshwater • Body plan: bilateral symmetry, cephalized • Locomotion: ripple to swim • Nutrition: hunts for food, tube-like “pharynx” for mouth • sexual hermaphrodites, asexual regeneration • Key adaptations: • bilateral symmetry, arrow-shaped head, sense organs, ganglia

  26. Porifera  Cnidaria  Platyhelminthes  Nematoda  Mollusca  Annelida  Arthropoda Phylum Nematoda! • Common name: ROUNDWORMS • Body plan: bilateral symmetry, cylindrical body with tapered ends

  27. Porifera  Cnidaria  Platyhelminthes  Nematoda  Mollusca  Annelida  Arthropoda Phylum Nematoda • Locomotion: twitching, flicking motion

  28. Porifera  Cnidaria  Platyhelminthes  Nematoda  Mollusca  Annelida  Arthropoda Phylum Nematoda • Nutrition: carnivores, herbivores, and decomposers Free-living roundworms Parasitic roundworms Eat off of host Eat micro-organisms in soil

  29. PoriferaCnidariaPlatyhelminthesNematodaMolluscaAnnelidaArthropoda Phylum Nematoda • Reproduction: • Sexual; separate males and females; females bigger

  30. PoriferaCnidariaPlatyhelminthesNematodaMolluscaAnnelidaArthropoda Phylum Nematoda • Coelom? • Has some organs, just no COELOM to hold them! • Psuedocoelomate.

  31. PoriferaCnidariaPlatyhelminthesNematodaMolluscaAnnelidaArthropoda Phylum Nematoda • New adaptations • Complete digestive tract (an anus!) • Semi-terrestrial

  32. Porifera  Cnidaria  Platyhelminthes  Nematoda Mollusca  Annelida  Arthropoda Phylum Mollusca! • 3 Classes of Mollusks: • Bivalves • “two shelled” • Clams & oysters • Gastropods • “stomache foot” • Snails & slugs • Cephalopods • “head foot” • Octopi, squids, and cuttlefish

  33. Porifera  Cnidaria  Platyhelminthes  Nematoda Mollusca  Annelida  ArthropodaPhylum Mollusca • Body Plan: Bilateral symmetry, soft body with a hard shell (usually)

  34. Porifera  Cnidaria  Platyhelminthes  Nematoda Mollusca  Annelida  ArthropodaPhylum Mollusca • Nutrition: • Active hunters and grazers • Scrape up food w/ radula

  35. Porifera  Cnidaria  Platyhelminthes  Nematoda Mollusca  Annelida  ArthropodaPhylum Mollusca • Reproduction: • Sexual • Non-hermaphroditic (dioecious) • Both internal and external fertilization

  36. Porifera  Cnidaria  Platyhelminthes  Nematoda Mollusca  Annelida  ArthropodaPhylum Mollusca • Key adaptations: • COELOMATE! • Advanced eyes • Open circulatory system • Special: • High intelligence, hard shell, beak, jet propulsion

  37. Porifera  Cnidaria  Platyhelminthes  Nematoda Mollusca  Annelida  ArthropodaPhylum Annelida! • Representative species: earthworms, leeches, polychaetes • AKA “Segmented Worms”

  38. Porifera  Cnidaria  Platyhelminthes  Nematoda Mollusca  Annelida  ArthropodaPhylum Annelida • Body Plan: • Bilaterally symmetrical • Long, thin, segmented body • New Adaptations: • Segmentation • Closed circulatory system

  39. Porifera  Cnidaria  Platyhelminthes  Nematoda Mollusca  Annelida  ArthropodaPhylum Annelida • Nutrition: • Some filter-feed • Some graze on plants • Some parasites • Some are vicious predators

  40. Porifera  Cnidaria  Platyhelminthes  Nematoda Mollusca  Annelida  ArthropodaPhylum Annelida • Reproduction: • All kinds! • Mostly sexual • Some hermaphroditic • Some dioecious • Some asexual • Cut in half, have two worms • Mostly internal fertilization, some external

  41. Porifera  Cnidaria  Platyhelminthes  Nematoda Mollusca  Annelida  ArthropodaPhylum Annelida • New adaptations: • Closed circulatory system • More efficient delivery of blood/oxygen • Segmentation • allows better movement and sequential parts • Locomotion: • Peristaltic movement • Parapodia • Setae for traction

  42. Porifera  Cnidaria  Platyhelminthes  Nematoda Mollusca  Annelida  ArthropodaFinally: Phylum Arthropoda • The conquerors! • Representatives: • insects • arachnids • crustaceans Probably more than ten million species. Whoa.

  43. Porifera  Cnidaria  Platyhelminthes  Nematoda Mollusca  Annelida  ArthropodaPhylum Arthropoda • Body Plan: • Bilateral symmetry • Segmented • Exoskeleton • Jointed appendages • Many internal organs There MUST be a coelom to hold it all in place!

  44. Porifera  Cnidaria  Platyhelminthes  Nematoda Mollusca  Annelida  ArthropodaPhylum Arthropoda • Nutrition: Very diverse! • Herbivores AND carnivores. . . • Grazers, hunters, trappers, parasites. . . • Locomotion:Very diverse! • Some fly, some swim, some walk or dig They’re everywhere, eating everything!

  45. Porifera  Cnidaria  Platyhelminthes  Nematoda Mollusca  Annelida  ArthropodaPhylum Arthropoda • Reproduction: Very diverse! • Mostly dioecious • Mostly internal fertilization • Mostly have complex metamorphic life cycles. • (lay eggs, larvae hatch, larvae grow and metamorphose into adults)

  46. Porifera  Cnidaria  Platyhelminthes  Nematoda Mollusca  Annelida  ArthropodaPhylum Arthropoda • New adaptations: • Jointed appendages • used for SO MANY THINGS • Exoskeleton • Protection, anchor muscles, keeps water in body • Respiratory system • For being totally terrestrial! • Terrestrial

  47. Porifera  Cnidaria  Platyhelminthes  Nematoda Mollusca  Annelida  ArthropodaPhyla: where we’ve been. Porifera - Sponges Cnidaria - Jellyfish, Sea Anemones, Hydras Platyhelminthes - Flatworms Nematoda - Roundworms Mollusca - Bivalves, Gastropods, Cephalopods Annelida - Segmented Worms Arthropoda - Insects, Arachnids, Crustaceans

  48. Porifera  Cnidaria  Platyhelminthes  Nematoda Mollusca  Annelida  ArthropodaPhyla: where we’re going. Echinodermata Chordata ? ? Any guesses about these guys?

  49. Here they aaare: Echinodermata Chordata

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