Invertebrate Animals

Invertebrate Animals Honors Biology

Objectives • Describe characteristics common to invertebrate animals • Describe the characteristics of major animal invertebrate phyla • Identify on sight members of major animal invertebrate phyla • Define animal, chordate, vertebrate, invertebrate

Characteristics of animals • Multicellular • Eukaryotic • Heterotrophic • Sexual reproduction • No cell wall • Motile at some stage • Rapid response to environment • Nerve cells • Muscle cells • Both

Taxonomy Viruses Domains: Kingdoms: Sub-groups: Bacteria X Archaea X Eukarya Protists Fungi Plants Non-vascular Vascular Seedless Gymnosperms Angiosperms Animals Invertebrates Vertebrates

Classification • 27 Phyla – discuss major ones • Grouped as: • Invertebrates: NO backbone/vertebral column • Vertebrates: backbone/vertebral column • What is a backbone and what is a chordate? • Backbone: supportative bone structure • Chordate: has nerve chord • We will cover: • 6 phyla • 5 invertebrate phyla • 8 classes within the chordate phyla

Classification Domain Kingdom Phylum Eukarya Animalia Sponges Cnidarians Flatworms Roundworms Segmented worms Molluscs Arthropods Echinoderms Chordates

Classification: Invertebrate(no backbone) Domain Kingdom Phylum Eukarya Animalia Sponges Cnidarians Flatworms Roundworms Segmented worms Molluscs Arthropods Echinoderms Chordates

Sponges Sponges (Porifera) • Sac-like body • Cellular level of organization • 2 cell layers • Filter feeder • Rudimentary nervous system • CAN regenerate (b)

Cnidaria • Marine • Radial symmetry • Two cell layers with differentiation; one body opening • Alternating body forms (polyp & medusa) • Stinging cells

Flatworms (Platyhelminthes) • 3 cell layers • Acoelomate • Many parasitic and/or pathogenic • One way digestive system

Roundworms (Nematoda) • Moist environments • Most free-living; many parasitic • Pseudocoelomate • Tube-like digestive system • Well-developed senses in free-living

Annelids • Segmented • Hydrostatic skeleton • Brain + solid nerve cord • Three main types • Marine Worms • 1 Clam worms (predators) • 2 Fan worms (prey) • Earthworms • Leeches

Annelids

Molluscs • Soft bodied with protective shells • Aquatic/Marine • Often mucus feeders • Body parts • Visceral mass • Foot • Mantle (secretes shell)

Mollusks

Arthropods • 3 types: • 1 Crustaceans • 2 Insects • 3 Arachnids • Major characteristics: • 1 Exoskeleton (chitin) • Protection • Attachment for muscles • Movement • Prevent drying out • 2 Segmented bodies w/ jointed appendages • 3 Well developed brains and nervous systems

Arthropods: Crustaceans

Arthropods: Insects

Arthropods: Arachnids

Echinoderms • Marine animals • Internal skeleton • Spiny skin • Radially symmetrical

Echinoderms

Classification Domain Kingdom Phylum Eukarya Animalia Sponges Segmented worms Molluscs Arthropods Echinoderms Chordates

Phylum Chordata

Objectives • Name and describe characteristics of 9 chordate classes • Give an example of each chordate class • Describe three groups of mammals • Describe the Primate order • Describe the Hominidae family • Give the taxonomy of humans

Chordates • 1 notochord • 2 hollow nerve cord in the back • 3 pharyngeal pouches (embryonic structures) • 4 tail

Classification Domain Kingdom Phylum Class Eukarya Animalia Sponges Segmented worms Molluscs Arthropods Echinoderms Chordates Lancets Tunicates Jawless Fish Cartilaginous Fish Bony Fish Amphibians Reptiles Birds Mammals

Lancets (invertebrate)

Tunicates (invertebrate)

Classification Domain Kingdom Phylum Class Eukarya Animalia Sponges Segmented worms Molluscs Arthropods Echinoderms ChordatesLancets Tunicates Jawless Fish Cartilaginous Fish Vertebrates Bony Fish Amphibians Reptiles Birds Mammals

Invertebrate Animals