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BRAIN ANATOMY TUTORIAL. arbor vitae of the cerebellum (Latin for "Tree of Life") is the cerebellar white matter, so called for its branched, tree-like appearance. It brings sensory and motor information to and from the cerebellum.
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arbor vitae of the cerebellum (Latin for "Tree of Life") is the cerebellar white matter, so called for its branched, tree-like appearance. It brings sensory and motor information to and from the cerebellum.
The stem-like part of the base of the brain that is connected to the spinal cord. The brain stem controls the flow of messages between the brain and the rest of the body, and it also controls basic body functions such as breathing, swallowing, heart rate, blood pressure, consciousness, and whether one is awake or sleepy. The brain stem consists of the midbrain, pons, and medulla oblongata.
The central sulcus is a fold in the cerebral cortex of brains in vertebrates. Also called the central fissure. The central sulcus is a prominent landmark of the brain, separating the parietal lobe from the frontal lobe
Cerebellum = responsible for the coordination of movement and balance.
Cerebrum=The largest portion of the brain, divided into two hemispheres that each contain four lobes. Its functions include speech, memory, vision, personality and muscle control in certain parts of the body. It is broken into 4 lobes.
Cingulate gyrus = fold or bump in the brain; functions: • Coordinates Sensory Input With Emotions • Emotional Responses to Pain • Regulates Aggressive Behavior
Corpus callosum structure in the mammalian brain that connects the left and right cerebral hemispheres. It is the largest white matter structure in the brain.
Fornix = a fibrous arching band connecting the two lobes of the cerebrum located beneaththe corpus callosum.Connects the Hippocampus to the Hypothalamus
Fourth ventricle The fourth ventricle is one of the four connected fluid-filled (CSF) cavities within the human brain.
Frontal lobe - The largest and most anterior part of each cerebral hemisphere. responsible for emotions, personality, memory, and skills associated with problem solving, planning, and self regulation. The frontal lobe also includes the motor strip, which controls muscles in the limbs and face.
Hippocampus involved in spatial function both in the narrow sense, such as in providing a spatial mapping of the environment through we navigate, and in humans in a broader sense, providing a “space” within which concepts are organized. Early degenerative changes in the hippocampus, as are seen in Alzheimer’s disease are thought responsible for one of the earlier behavioral signs of the disease - having difficulties in finding your way and orienting yourself in the environment.
Hippocampus The name derives from its curved shape in coronal sections of the brain, which resembles a seahorse (Greek: hippos = horse, kampi = curve).
The hypothalamus links the nervous system to the endocrine system via the pituitary gland. The hypothalamus regulates homeostasis. It has regulatory areas for thirst, hunger, body temperature, water balance, and blood pressure.
Lateral ventricle = The lateral ventricles are two curved shaped cavities located within the cerebrum. Function: • Protects the Brain From Trauma • Provides Pathway for the Circulation of Cerebrospinal Fluid
The mammillary bodies are a pair of small round bodies, located on the undersurface of the brain, that form part of the hypothalamus. The mammillary bodies are parts of the brain known to be significantly damaged by alcohol intoxication, especially by chronic alcohol abuse.
Medulla ( medulla oblongata) is the lower portion of the brainstem. It is responsible for controlling several major autonomic functions of the body, including respiration, blood pressure, heart rate, and reflex arcs.
Midbrain - The midbrain serves as the nerve pathway of the cerebral hemispheres and contains auditory and visual reflex centers
Occipital lobe of cerebrum is the visua processing center of the mammalian brain.
Olfactory bulb - one of two clusters of olfactory neurons at the base of the brain (one on the left and one on the right). From either structure, the olfactory neuron extend through a porous bone and interact with the environment inside the nose
The optic chiasm= (Greek "crossing", from 'to mark with an X', after the Greek letter 'Χ', chi) is the part of the brain where the optic nerves partially cross. Specifically, the nerves connected to the right eye that attend to the right visual field cross with the nerves from the left eye that attend to the left visual field.
optic chiasm 3 = optic nerve
Parietal lobe of cerebrum The parietal lobe plays important roles in integrating sensory information from various parts of the body, and in the manipulation of objects. Portions of the parietal lobe are involved with visuospatial processing. Much less is known about this lobe than the other three in the cerebrum.
Pineal gland A small gland located deep within in the brain. It is believed to secrete melatonin, and may therefore be part of the body's sleep-regulation apparatus.
Pituitary gland (hypophysis) A small oval endocrine gland attached to the base of the vertebrate brain and consisting of an anterior and a posterior lobe, the secretions of which control the other endocrine glands and influence growth, metabolism, and maturation
PonsIt is part of the central nervous system, and relays sensory information between the cerebellum and cerebrum. Some hypothesize that it has a role in dreaming.
Sagittal fissure (also calledLongitudinal Fissure):The long divide between the two cerebral hemispheres
The septum pellucidum (also called the septum lucidum) is a thin, triangular, vertical membrane that separates the lateral ventricles of the brain
Superior colliculi of corpora quadrigemina = In the brain, the corpora quadrigemina (Latin for "quadruplet bodies") are the four colliculi—two inferior, two superior—located on the posterior aspect of the midbrain. The corpora quadrigemina are reflex centers involving vision and hearing. In humans, the superior colliculus is involved in the generation of fast eye movements and eye-head coordination.
