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Introductions & Conclusions

Steven A. Beebe & Susan J. Beebe. Introductions & Conclusions. “The average man thinks about what he has said; the above average man about what he is going to say.” - Anonymous. Get the audience’s attention. Give the audience a reason to listen. Introduce the subject.

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Introductions & Conclusions

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  1. Steven A. Beebe & Susan J. Beebe Introductions & Conclusions

  2. “The averageman thinksabout whathe has said;the aboveaverage manabout whathe is goingto say.”- Anonymous

  3. Get the audience’s attention. Give the audience a reason to listen. Introduce the subject. Establish credibility – Speaker Ethos. Preview main ideas. Purposes of Introductions

  4. Get the audience’s attention Use an illustration. Give a startling fact or statistic. Give a quotation. Use appropriate humor. Pose a rhetorical question. Refer to historic/recent events. Give a personal reference. Refer to the occasion. Refer to a preceding speech. Purposes of Introductions

  5. Gives the audience a reason to listen Explain how the topic relates to them. The topic might affect them now. The topic might affect them in the future. Purposes of Introductions

  6. Introduce the subject Present your central idea. Remember: a complete statement. Makes subject come real. Purposes of Introductions

  7. Establishes your credibility (Ethos) Be prepared. Show confidence. Reveal any experiences, training, education, etc. Purposes of Introductions

  8. Preview main ideas Tell the audience what you will discuss. Signposted previews are better (“first…second…third…”) Purposes of Introductions

  9. Ask yourself: How does the speaker capture the attention of the listeners? 2. How does the speaker motivate the audience to listen; i.e., how does the speaker relate the topic to the listeners’ lives? 3. Does the speaker establish credibility? 4. How well does the speaker preview the main ideas? A Sample Introduction

  10. Summarize the speech. Provide closure. Two Purposes of Conclusions

  11. Methods of summarizing the speech Restate the main ideas. Remind listeners of the central theme. Purposes of Conclusions

  12. Ways to provide closure Verbal “alert” that the end is near. (“Finally,” “in closing,” etc.) A nonverbal “signal” that the closing is approaching. (Pause, slow down, move away, etc.) Motivate listeners to respond. Refer to an idea from the introduction. Inspire or challenge your audience. Purposes of Conclusions

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