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MEDICAL PARASITOLOGY & ENTOMOLOGY

MEDICAL PARASITOLOGY & ENTOMOLOGY. LECTURER: SR. NORAZSIDA RAMLI. INTESTINAL MICROSPORIDIA. Microsporidium . Produce spores which r tiny and difficult to identify using conventional microscopic technique.

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MEDICAL PARASITOLOGY & ENTOMOLOGY

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  1. MEDICAL PARASITOLOGY &ENTOMOLOGY LECTURER: SR. NORAZSIDA RAMLI

  2. INTESTINAL MICROSPORIDIA

  3. Microsporidium • Produce spores which r tiny and difficult to identify using conventional microscopic technique. • Spores contain polar tubules, which act as extrusion mechanisms to introduce spore contents into the new host cell. • Cause an opportunistic infections found in immunocompromised individuals, especially in AIDS patients. • Five genera have been reported : Encephalitozoon, Pleistophora, Enterocytozoon, Nosema and Microsporidia.

  4. Classification based on: size of the spores, configuration of the nuclei in the spores, and the number of polar tubule coils within the spore, gene sequences. • Spore : 1.5-4.0µm, contain polar tubules, which are the extrusion mechanisms for delivery of sporoplasm to the host.

  5. Life cycle

  6. Transmission • Oppotunistic parasites in AIDS patients. • Transmitted by person to person, or animal to animal contact. • Infection may result from ingestion or inhalation of spores from the environment or from animals (zoonotic transmission).

  7. Pathogenesis • Many gastrointestinal infections with this parasite have been reported in HIV-infected patients. • Symptoms: -intractible diarrhea -fever -weight loss -nausea -anorexia

  8. Laboratory diagnosis • Microscopy examination • Histological staining methods • PCR

  9. Treatment • No acceptable therapy exists for most microsporidian infections. • Albendazole • Metronidazole

  10. Prevention • No specific recommendation exist. • Practice good personal hygiene. • Careful infection control practices.

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