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The Early years of the Civil War

The Early years of the Civil War. Chapter 16 Section 2. Lots of Names for the Same Event!. The Great Rebellion The War Against Slavery The War for the Union The War of the North and South The War of the Blue and Gray Mr. Lincoln’s War The War of Northern Aggression.

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The Early years of the Civil War

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  1. The Early years of the Civil War Chapter 16 Section 2

  2. Lots of Names for the Same Event! • The Great Rebellion • The War Against Slavery • The War for the Union • The War of the North and South • The War of the Blue and Gray • Mr. Lincoln’s War • The War of Northern Aggression • Historians have called the Civil War at least 30 names. Here are just a few: • The War for Southern Independence • The War for States’ Rights • The War of Secession

  3. North and South Couldn’t even agree on the name of the War! • “Civil War” also wasn’t acceptable because Southern states saw themselves as an independent nation • Compromise: “War Between the States” name was adopted by many as a compromise • Officially, it was the “War of the Rebellion” because the U.S. government considered the Southern states rebelling. • Southern states didn’t agree to it because they felt secession was constitutional!

  4. First Battle at Bull Run • Confederates made an “unearthly” scream that became to be known as the REBEL YELL. • Union troops were terrified and dropped their guns and retreated back to Washington D.C. • OUTCOME: Confederates won and they thought they would be close to end the war! The North was shocked and realized the war would take longer than expected. • President Lincoln called for more volunteers to enlist. • It has an alternate name: Manassas • WHO: Gen McDowell (Union) vs. Gen Beauregard and Stonewall Jackson both Confederates • WHEN: July, 1861 • WHERE: near Manassas Junction, Virginia • WHAT HAPPENED: Union troops pushed the Confederates back, then inspired by “Stonewall” Jackson Confederates led a counterattack….

  5. War at Sea • Unfortunately for the North: They didn’t have enough ships to block the southern ports. • Southern ships were able to go in and out of ports...they were called “Blockade Runners.” • The North’s goal was to create a naval blockade southern ports. • The blockade would prevent the sell of cotton and block southern imports. • North did not want the South to be able to make money. WHY?

  6. Monitor vs. Merrimack • WHO: CSS Virginia (former Merrimack) vs. The Union’s Monitor • WHEN: March 9th, 1862 • WHERE: on the Potomac River • WHAT HAPPENED: Ships exchanged fire for 3 hours! Both ships took about 2 dozen hits and eventually ended when both sides were too exhausted to fight anymore!

  7. Battle of Shiloh: aka PITTSBUrg Landing or “BLOODY Shiloh” • WHO: Gen. Grant (North) vs. Johnston and Beauregard (South) • WHEN: April 6th, 1862 • WHERE: Shiloh, Tennessee • GOAL: North wanted to capture important railway junction at Corinth Mississippi. Battle took place about 20 miles north of the junction near a church called Shiloh.

  8. “BLOODY SHILOH” continued • It’s ironic that Shiloh in Hebrew means “Place of Peace.” • WHAT HAPPENED: The Confederates led a surprise attack on the Union Troops. The battle lasted 2 days, one of the bloodiest! Combined casualties of 20,000+ and Gen Johnston was killed. • Soldiers were lying in the rain, waiting for medical help…the Bloody Pond. • OUTCOME: South retreated and the Union won and then took control of Corinth Mississippi and then Memphis Tennessee…closer to controlling Mississippi River. Why important?

  9. Battle at New Orleans • WHAT HAPPENED: The Union Navy was able to capture the largest city in the South! Rebels could no longer carry goods to the Gulf of Mexico for trading…one step closer to controlling all of the Mississippi River! • GOAL: North wanted to capture the city… get closer to taking control of the Mississippi River • WHO: D. Farragut (Union Navy) • WHEN: April 25th, 1862 • WHERE: New Orleans, Louisiana

  10. Seven days battle (Richmond) • WHAT HAPPENED: Stuart had his scouts gather information about the North’s position...only 1 died. Then Stuart’s troops circled around McClellan’s men. Gen Lee was able to push Union troops to James River. • OUTCOME: Union failed to take capital, disheartened the North and the South’s morale increased. • GOAL: Union wants to capture Richmond because it was the capital of the Confederacy • WHO: McClellan (Union) vs. Lee and Jeb Stuart (Confederates) • WHEN: June 1862

  11. ANTIEtam (AKA Sharpsburg) • WHO: Gen Lee (South) vs. McClellan (North) • WHEN: Sept 17th, 1862 • WHERE: Sharpsburg, Maryland- along Antietam Creek • WHAT HAPPENED: Single bloodiest day of the entire war! 6,000 killed and 17,000 wounded. Gen Lee retreated to Virginia. North claimed the victory. • GOAL: South’s President J. Davis ordered Confed. troops to take the offense and attack into Maryland- a border state (close to Washington DC!) • If the South won then they were hopeful that France and England would aid the South and encourage people of Maryland to join the Confederacy.

  12. Antietam continued • Gen. McClellan is fired because he did not follow Pres. Lincoln’s orders. He was told to follow Confed. troops but did not. A. Burnside will take control of the Union troops afterwards.

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