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The Cold War What – when – where ?

The Cold War What – when – where ? . http://www.luftfart.museum.no/Forskning/kaldkrig/image/forside.jpg. TheYalta Agreement -45 Churchill – Roosevelt - Stalin. World War II is over - What happens next ?. Most of Asia and Europe were in ruins.

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The Cold War What – when – where ?

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  1. The Cold WarWhat – when – where? http://www.luftfart.museum.no/Forskning/kaldkrig/image/forside.jpg

  2. TheYalta Agreement -45Churchill – Roosevelt - Stalin

  3. World War II is over - Whathappensnext? • Most of Asia and Europewere in ruins. • The United States was a superpower by far thestrongestnationonearth. • The USSR wasalso a superpower; stronger, betterarmed and more successfulthan all othercountries. • New conference in 1945: POTSDAM; partiesagreedonhow to divideGermanybetweenthem.

  4. GERMANY 1945

  5. The world led into two separate camps after World War II • Churchill and Stalin got on badly – personality clashes. • Truman and Stalin found it hard to understand eachother. • The Americans had developed an atomic bomb – this worried the Soviets. • Soviet troops were occupying most of Eastern Europe – this worried the USA. • Stalin wanted to keep Germany weak – worried about the safety of the Soviet Union. • The Americans wanted Germany to become a stable, democratic country. • 1945: Allies agreed that Eastern European countries should be free to elect their governments in democratic elections. • Stalin didn’t trust any government unless he was in charge of it. • « An Iron Curtain divides Europe. » (Winston Churchill, British Prime Minister, 1946).

  6. The Berlin Wall • Built in 1961 on • orders from Soviet Premier Khrushchev • Why? • To keep the East Germans in! • To warn the West Germans and Americans to stay out!

  7. The American President in Berlin • ”It’s not a verynicesolution, but a wall is a hell of a lot betterthan a war.” Kennedy aboutthe Berlin Wall • ”Ichbinein Berliner”

  8. John Fitzgerald KennedyAmerican President 1961-63

  9. Inauguration speech – Kennedy challenged Americans to action • We observe today not a victory of party but a celebration of freedom. . . The world is very different now. . . Let the word go forth from this time and place, to friend and foe alike, that the torch has passed to a new generation of Americans. . . Let every nation know, whether it wishes us well or ill, that we shall pay any price, bear any burden, meet any hardship, support any friend, oppose any foe, to assure the survival and the success of liberty. This much we pledge. . . The trumpet summons us to. . A struggle against the common enemies of man: tyranny, poverty, disease and war itself. . And so, my fellow Americans, ask not what your country can do for you, ask what you can do for your country.

  10. Cuba • The Bay of Pigs (1961): President Kennedy washumiliated – why?? • The CubanCrisis; a twoweekcrisisthattookthe world to the brink ofnuclearwar. (1962). Kennedy was not humiliated – why??

  11. The Vietnam War 1964-72 American governments were sure that China and the USSR were planning to spread Communism to countries in Asia. If one country fell to Communism, the others would fall like a row of dominoes.

  12. 1964 onwards: the USA sends combat troops • President Kennedy had been wary of getting more deeply involved in Vietnam. • Lyndon Johnson decided that the USA had to get serious about Vietnam or get out! • Hundreds of thousands of young American soldiers were sent off to fight.

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