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The Beginnings of Islam

The Beginnings of Islam. Coach Parrish OMS Chapter 10, Section 2. How did Islam Begin?. Islam teaches that in about 610 AD, the prophet Muhammad went into a cave to pray. An angel told Muhammad that people were worshipping idols and wanted him to spread a message. Arabian Peninsula.

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The Beginnings of Islam

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  1. The Beginnings of Islam Coach Parrish OMS Chapter 10, Section 2

  2. How did Islam Begin? • Islam teaches that in about 610 AD, the prophet Muhammad went into a cave to pray. • An angel told Muhammad that people were worshipping idols and wanted him to spread a message.

  3. Arabian Peninsula • A group of people who lived in the Arabian Peninsula were called the Bedouins. • Bedouins were nomads who traveled from one oasis to the next for water.

  4. The Prophet Muhammad • Muhammad was born and grew up in the trading center of Mecca. • Muhammad enjoyed walking around the mountains outside Mecca. He did so to think and pray. • When Muhammad was 40, he first heard God speak to him in the cave. Muslim – person who accepts the teachings of Muhammad.

  5. Muhammad in Medina • In 622, Muhammad and his followers were invited to Yathrib, a city north of Mecca. • The movement became known as the hirja. The year of the hirja (622 AD) became year 1 in the Muslim calendar. • After the move, Yathrib became known as Medina.

  6. Muslim Belief • A muezzin calls Muslims to worship in Mecca. • Every day, five times a day, Muslims are called to worship this way. Muslims will stop what they are doing to pray five times a day facing Mecca. • Some Muslims gather in a mosque – house of worship.

  7. The Five Pillars of Islam • The Five Pillars of Islam are the basic beliefs of Muslims. • The fifth pillar, the hajj, is required only of those Muslims who are able to travel to Mecca.

  8. The Hajj

  9. The Quran • Quran – holy book of Islam. It contains the message that God gave to Muhammad. • Muslims believe that the original language of the Quran, Arabic, is best. Therefore, some Muslims travel to Mecca to learn.

  10. The Role of Women • Before Islam, most people in the Arabian Peninsula felt that women were not equal to men. • The Quran taught that men and women were equal. Muslim women were not forced to marry and had the right to divorce.

  11. A Split Among Muslims • A schism in the Muslim faith occurred after the assassination of Uthman (Muslim leader). • Muslims disagreed over who should be their next leader. The two groups split into Shiites and Sunnis. • Shiites argued that the next leader should be a male direct descendant of Muhammad • Sunnis argued that any Muslim man could lead. Today about 85% of Muslims are Sunni.

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