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Understanding Cheating and Plagiarism in Higher Education: Causes, Methods, and Prevention Strategies

This comprehensive examination delves into the prevalence of cheating and plagiarism in higher education, particularly in the context of e-learning. It outlines significant statistics on student dishonesty and explores key contributing factors such as peer pressure, academic pressure, and course design. The text reviews various methods students employ to cheat and discusses pedagogical and technological strategies for preventing academic dishonesty. This analysis aims to inform educators, administrators, and policy-makers about maintaining academic integrity and fostering a culture of honesty in educational environments.

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Understanding Cheating and Plagiarism in Higher Education: Causes, Methods, and Prevention Strategies

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  1. Academic Integrity Online Assessment/Plagiarism

  2. How prevalent is cheating/plagiarism in higher education? • Does e-learning affect it? • What are the contributing factors? • What methods are used? • Are there pedagogical strategies for prevention? • Are there technologic practices for prevention? Questions Our

  3. The Stats 75-98% • What % of college students report they cheated some time in high school. • What % of college students report that they cheated some time in college. • What % of college students report that they used at least one fraudulent excuse to avoid/delay an academic responsibility. 40-70% 66%

  4. Profile of college student most likely to cheat: • Business and engineering majors • Other majors that will work in the business environment • Fraternity/sorority members • Younger students • Student with either low GPA or at the very top • Male

  5. The jury is out on whether academic dishonesty is higher is online than face-to-face. Multiple research papers have drawn varying conclusions ranging from more prevalent, the same or even less prevalent.

  6. Contributors • Peer pressure • “Others do” or “But, I need your help” • Competitiveness/Pressure for grades • Course design • High-stakes or limited assessment • Perception of unfair, excessive demand, insufficient time/practice, unorganized, or “content dump” • Instructor • Uncaring/indifference toward student learning/success • Lack of concern regarding academic integrity

  7. Contributors - continued • Low confidence • Diminished student ethical values • Real world examples of “cheaters” receiving little/no penalty (News) • Academic integrity ignorance • Group vs. individual work • Resources as community property or public domain

  8. Their Methods • Answers/work from other student • Resources during testing • Calculators, phones, iPods, text messages, notes, textbooks, previous tests, etc. • Claiming technology problems • Hiring surrogate • Cut/paste or paraphrasing • Submission of previous work

  9. Strategies

  10. A Delicate Balance Academic Integrity vs. Learning, Intimidation and Respect • General

  11. From the beginning • Post the policy • Define expectations/ consequences • Discuss cheating/ plagiarism • Repetitive presence • Clarify plan for technology problems • General

  12. Course design • Multiple/varied assessments • Minimal reliance on remote memorization • Reasonable load • Recognize stress & know/share resources • Sufficient time/practice • Develop on learning community • Clear path to success • General

  13. Design online protocol • Practice test (orientation quiz) • Self-test/games to build confidence • Assessment settings • Delayed feedback • Restrict feedback type • LockDown Browser • Proctoring options • Online cheating

  14. Plagiarism • Practice assignment (introductions) • Set a good example • Low-stakes/formative assignments to develop skills • Assignment design • Non-traditional/up-to-date references • Writing structure/outline • Grading rubric http://www.rubistar4teachers.org • Vary submission types • Timed writing • Breakdown high-stakes writing • Follow-up • Summary in timed exam • Reflection of writing process • SafeAssignment

  15. Review How prevalent is cheating/plagiarism in higher education? Does e-learning affect it? What are the contributing factors? What methods are used? Are there pedagogical strategies for prevention? Are there technologic practices available for prevention? Our

  16. Questions

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