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Causes of WW I

Causes of WW I. Militarism and Imperialism/ Nationalism. Imperialism. Moroccan Crises (1905 & 1911) tension between Germ. & Fr. Germany Declared support for an independent Morocco In attempt to Frustrate French Break up French English Alliance. Algeçiras Conference.

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Causes of WW I

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  1. Causes of WW I Militarism and Imperialism/ Nationalism

  2. Imperialism • Moroccan Crises (1905 & 1911) • tension between Germ. & Fr. • Germany Declared support for an independent Morocco • In attempt to Frustrate French • Break up French English Alliance

  3. Algeçiras Conference • Conference in 1906 in Algerciras • Discussion of What to Happen in Morocco • Britain Supports French • Alliance Strong

  4. War averted • Morocco to be independent • France to be responsible to internal order • Crisis to Reignite in 1911 • German Warship the Panther to Agadir sent to protect German Nationals against possible native uprising • No Actual Germans in the Area • Seen As SABRE RATTLING

  5. Attempt to Assert German Power • Weltpolitik • The name given towards Germany’s move towards global stature after 1894 • An aggressive foreign policy (see Realpolitik) • Kaiser to attempt to intervene in several international affairs • Moroccan Crisis • German intervention in the Japan Korea war • Intervention into Armenian massacre

  6. Naval Race for the Seas • One of Kaiser Wilhelm’s key ideas • Aimed at Challenging Britain • Goal to build a fleet 2/3rd size of Britain • Along with base in North to neutralize a British threat

  7. British Reactions • British Ships called Home • Had Capacity to out build the Germans • 2 power standard • Ability to Defeat two of the largest battle fleets combined • Had Japanese look after their Asian interests in return for attempting to moderate attitudes towards the Japanese

  8. U Boat • 1906 German’s produce First U boat • Rejected an idea to blockade the British Isles with U boats assumed war would be over to soon • 22 used in service

  9. British Dreadnought • Dreadnought • Huge ship • Big guns

  10. Public Reaction • Expensive Endeavour • German Belief that Naval Fleet was a strong and admirable pursuit for a nation • British Battle Cry • “We want eight and we won’t wait” • Wanted Dreadnaughts

  11. Disarmament Talks • Hague Peace Conferences (1899 & 1907) • Just an attempt • Some success: • Dumdum bullets were banned. • Bullets which Flattened or expanded in the body

  12. Schlieffen Plan • Germany Facing a two front war • Plan to destroy who ever mobilized first then regroup • Decision to destroy France First • Smaller Army • Faster to mobilize • Go through Belgium to access France

  13. What were the Flaws in the plan? • Germany would be named an aggressor • Violating Belgian Neutrality due to French forces conglomerated on the Rhineland • Leaving A.H to fend for themselves against the Serbs for a time

  14. Balkan Crisis • Austria-Hungary annexed Bosnia- Herzegovina (1908): • Serbia angered mobilized troops. • Russian angered, b/c not consulted • No war…yet.

  15. First Balkan War (1912): • Greece, Bulgaria, Serbia, and Montenegro fight against Turks • Second Balkan War (1913): • Serbia, Montenegro, Greece, Rumania and Turkey fight against Bulgaria

  16. Both of these wars created more tension between: • Turkey and Balkan countries. • Austria-Hungary and Serbia • Germany and Russia

  17. NATIONALISM THE FINAL “ISM”

  18. Issues with Nationalism • Nationalism ignored in favor of peace during the Congress of Vienna • Germany/Italy being left as divided states • Many thought the war would be short and with a decisive victor • They Supported their Governments

  19. Nationalism • A.H. • Made up of 50 million • Less then Half of its population was Austro or Hungarian • Slavs ( most vocal/ Restless) • Polish • Slovaks • Italians • Czechs • Croats

  20. The Plot thickens • Slavs Wanted to join with Serbia • Form A United Slavic Kingdom • Turkey has Interests • Russia has interests • Austria Hungary has interests • Slightest issue could trigger total war: The powder keg.

  21. Assassination of Franz The Shot heard Around the World

  22. The shot that was heard around the world • Gavrilo Princip • Black Hand • Serbian Nationalist group

  23. Archduke Franz Ferdinand & his wife

  24. Chain Reaction • Austria-Hungary’s “ultimatum” • Serbia rejects any violation of its sovereignty. • A.H. refuses to go the World Court in The Hague • Militarists in Germany and A.H. wanted war. • Germany’s “blank cheque” http://www.firstworldwar.com/source/blankcheque.htm

  25. The Ultimatum • Stop All Anti Austria Hungarian activity • Removal All officials guilty of carrying out anti Austrian sentiment • Allow Austria Hungary to Conduct its own investigation • Prevent the Smuggling of weapons across common borders • Make Explanations for Serbians officials Home and Abroad that express Hostility towards AH

  26. France gives assurances to Russia • Germany is alarmed…two front war.

  27. Germany wanted to access Belgium, issues an Ultimatum • Belgium’s neutrality was guaranteed by Britain. • The war is on by August 3, 1914

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