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The Puritans and the Rise of New York: A Historical Overview of Early Colonial Power Struggles

This section explores the tumultuous events in England that led to the rise of Puritan control and the eventual establishment of New York. Key figures such as King Charles I, who persecuted Puritans, and Oliver Cromwell, who opposed him, play crucial roles in the narrative. It discusses the restoration of monarchy under Charles II, the takeover of New Amsterdam by the Duke of York, who renamed it New York, and the establishment of New Jersey and Pennsylvania as significant colonies promoting religious freedom and representative government.

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The Puritans and the Rise of New York: A Historical Overview of Early Colonial Power Struggles

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Presentation Transcript

  1. US History Chapter 3 Section 3

  2. Back in England • Puritans controlled Parliament • Charles I was persecuting Puritans • Oliver Cromwell – led the forces to defeat the king, later the “Protector” • Charles I – beheaded in 1649 • Those loyal to the king went to Virginia • Charles II – king restored with limited powers • Called Restoration – the monarchy was restored

  3. And, the Dutch? • New Amsterdam – on Manhattan Island • In between two British colonies • Became a major port for trade in the Americas • Dutch West India Company – offered incentives to come to the Americas • Patroons– riverfront estates • Own courts and laws

  4. England wants more… • England wanted New Netherland • Peter Stuyvesant – governor of the Dutch colony, taxed with strict rule • Duke of York – Charles II’s brother was given the old Dutch colony • Thus, renamed “New York” • Proprietary Colony – colony in which the owner, or proprietor, owned all of the land and controlled the government • Offered religious freedom – first Jews settle here • New Amsterdam renamed “New York City” • Colonists forced the Duke of York to allow an elected legislature

  5. DFS 3-3 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer.

  6. More? • New Jersey – the Southern part of the Duke of York’s territory • Given to Lord John Berkeley and Sir George Carteret • Named the colony after an island in England where Carteret was born • Promised trial by jury, large plots of land, religious freedom, and representative assembly • No port, so no profits • Sold back to the King by 1702 (Royal Colony)

  7. Quaker State • Pennsylvania – a “holy experiment” • William Penn – given land by the king to relieve the king’s debt to Penn’s family • First town planner (Philadelphia) • Wrote the state’s constitution • Made treaties with the Native Americans • Quakers – (Society of Friends) – Protestant religious dissenters • Believed everyone has an “inner light” to save them • Church services and ministers are unnecessary • Pacifists – people who refuse to use force or to fight in wars • Considered threats to establishment • Philadelphia – Greek for “city of brotherly love” • Delaware – southern 3 colonies of Penn. • Allowed to have their own legislature

  8. Checking for Understanding Define Match the terms on the right with their definitions on the left. __ 1. landowner in the Dutch colonies who ruled like a king over large areas of land __ 2. person opposed to the use of war or violence to settle disputes __ 3. colony run by individuals or groups to whom land was granted A. patroon B. proprietary colony C. pacifist A C B Section 3-14 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answers.

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