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FC.100 ENLIGHTENMENT POLITICAL, SOCIAL, & ECONOMIC IDEAS

FC.100 ENLIGHTENMENT POLITICAL, SOCIAL, & ECONOMIC IDEAS. Rise of towns & money economy in the High Middle Ages (FC. 64). FC.100 ENLIGHTENMENT POLITICAL, SOCIAL, & ECONOMIC IDEAS. Rise of towns & money economy in the High Middle Ages (FC. 64). Enlightenment & Deism (FC. 99).

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FC.100 ENLIGHTENMENT POLITICAL, SOCIAL, & ECONOMIC IDEAS

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  1. FC.100 ENLIGHTENMENT POLITICAL, SOCIAL, & ECONOMIC IDEAS Rise of towns & money economy in the High Middle Ages (FC. 64)

  2. FC.100 ENLIGHTENMENT POLITICAL, SOCIAL, & ECONOMIC IDEAS Rise of towns & money economy in the High Middle Ages (FC. 64) Enlightenment & Deism (FC. 99)

  3. View that humanity can & must? FC.100 ENLIGHTENMENT POLITICAL, SOCIAL, & ECONOMIC IDEAS Rise of towns & money economy in the High Middle Ages (FC. 64) Enlightenment & Deism (FC. 99)

  4. FC.100 ENLIGHTENMENT POLITICAL, SOCIAL, & ECONOMIC IDEAS Rise of towns & money economy in the High Middle Ages (FC. 64) Enlightenment & Deism (FC. 99) View that humanity can & must reform society since the Deist god is detached

  5. FC.100 ENLIGHTENMENT POLITICAL, SOCIAL, & ECONOMIC IDEAS Rise of towns & money economy in the High Middle Ages (FC. 64) England’s rising economy (FC. 96C) Enlightenment & Deism (FC. 99) View that humanity can & must reform society since the Deist god is detached

  6. FC.100 ENLIGHTENMENT POLITICAL, SOCIAL, & ECONOMIC IDEAS Rise of towns & money economy in the High Middle Ages (FC. 64) England’s rising economy (FC. 96C) Enlightenment & Deism (FC. 99) Rapidly changing society with new wealth, problems, & the need to solve them View that humanity can & must reform society since the Deist god is detached

  7. FC.100 ENLIGHTENMENT POLITICAL, SOCIAL, & ECONOMIC IDEAS London society - Pop. c.500K (1715) -> 2.7m. (1815) Rise of towns & money economy in the High Middle Ages (FC. 64) England’s rising economy (FC. 96C) Enlightenment & Deism (FC. 99) Rapidly changing society with new wealth, problems, & the need to solve them View that humanity can & must reform society since the Deist god is detached

  8. FC.100 ENLIGHTENMENT POLITICAL, SOCIAL, & ECONOMIC IDEAS London society - Pop. c.500K (1715) -> 2.7m. (1815) Ind Rev-> pollution & pov Rise of towns & money economy in the High Middle Ages (FC. 64) England’s rising economy (FC. 96C) Enlightenment & Deism (FC. 99) Rapidly changing society with new wealth, problems, & the need to solve them View that humanity can & must reform society since the Deist god is detached

  9. FC.100 ENLIGHTENMENT POLITICAL, SOCIAL, & ECONOMIC IDEAS London society - Pop. c.500K (1715) -> 2.7m. (1815) Ind Rev-> pollution & pov - Workhouses-> 93% kids working there die Rise of towns & money economy in the High Middle Ages (FC. 64) England’s rising economy (FC. 96C) Enlightenment & Deism (FC. 99) Rapidly changing society with new wealth, problems, & the need to solve them View that humanity can & must reform society since the Deist god is detached

  10. FC.100 ENLIGHTENMENT POLITICAL, SOCIAL, & ECONOMIC IDEAS London society - Pop. c.500K (1715) -> 2.7m. (1815) Ind Rev-> pollution & pov - Workhouses-> 93% kids die - Smallpox killed 1/13 Rise of towns & money economy in the High Middle Ages (FC. 64) England’s rising economy (FC. 96C) Enlightenment & Deism (FC. 99) Rapidly changing society with new wealth, problems, & the need to solve them View that humanity can & must reform society since the Deist god is detached

  11. FC.100 ENLIGHTENMENT POLITICAL, SOCIAL, & ECONOMIC IDEAS London society - Pop. c.500K (1715) -> 2.7m. (1815) Ind Rev-> pollution & pov - Workhouses-> 93% kids die - Smallpox killed 1/13 - 200 capital crimes Rise of towns & money economy in the High Middle Ages (FC. 64) England’s rising economy (FC. 96C) Enlightenment & Deism (FC. 99) Rapidly changing society with new wealth, problems, & the need to solve them View that humanity can & must reform society since the Deist god is detached

  12. FC.100 ENLIGHTENMENT POLITICAL, SOCIAL, & ECONOMIC IDEAS London society - Pop. c.500K (1715) -> 2.7m. (1815) Ind Rev-> pollution & pov - Workhouses-> 93% kids die - Smallpox killed 1/13 - 200 capital crimes - Gin cons. up 10X Rise of towns & money economy in the High Middle Ages (FC. 64) England’s rising economy (FC. 96C) Enlightenment & Deism (FC. 99) Rapidly changing society with new wealth, problems, & the need to solve them View that humanity can & must reform society since the Deist god is detached Right: Gin Lane, William Hogarth’s commentary on rising alcoholism in Britain in the 1700s

  13. FC.100 ENLIGHTENMENT POLITICAL, SOCIAL, & ECONOMIC IDEAS London society - Pop. c.500K (1715) -> 2.7m. (1815) Ind Rev-> pollution & pov - Workhouses-> 93% kids die - Smallpox killed 1/13 - 200 capital crimes - Gin cons. up 10X - Quick fortunes-> Noveau Riches Rise of towns & money economy in the High Middle Ages (FC. 64) England’s rising economy (FC. 96C) Enlightenment & Deism (FC. 99) Rapidly changing society with new wealth, problems, & the need to solve them View that humanity can & must reform society since the Deist god is detached

  14. William Hogarth’s The Rake’s Progress on the wasteful ways & demise of a typical son of the newly rich. Here the angry mother of his pregnant girlfriend confronts him

  15. The Rake is taken in by sycophants claiming to make him cultured...

  16. …as well as by professional gamblers & women of ill repute

  17. Confronted by creditors, he is only saved from debtor’s prison by his faithful girlfriend

  18. In order to get out of debt, the rake marries an old widow for her money

  19. But he returns to his old ways and gambles everything away

  20. In the 7thpainting, Tom is jailed in debtor's prison. He ignores the distress of both his angry new (old) wife and faithful Sarah, who cannot help him this time. Both the beer-boy and the jailer demand money from him. Tom is going mad, as seen by the telescope for celestial observation poking out of the barred window and an alchemy experiment in the back. Besides Tom is a rejected play; another inmate writes a pamphlet on solving the National debt. In the upper right is a device for flying, Still, there is one place even worse...

  21. ….Bethlehem Hospital, London’s insane asylum

  22. FC.100 ENLIGHTENMENT POLITICAL, SOCIAL, & ECONOMIC IDEAS London society - Pop. c.500K (1715) -> 2.7m. (1815) Ind Rev-> pollution & pov - Workhouses-> 93% kids die - Smallpox killed 1/13 - 200 capital crimes - Gin cons. up 10X - Quick fortunes-> Noveau Riches Rise of towns & money economy in the High Middle Ages (FC. 64) England’s rising economy (FC. 96C) Enlightenment & Deism (FC. 99) Rapidly changing society with new wealth, problems, & the need to solve them View that humanity can & must reform society since the Deist god is detached Search for the ideal society, or at least ways to remedy society’s ills

  23. FC.100 ENLIGHTENMENT POLITICAL, SOCIAL, & ECONOMIC IDEAS London society - Pop. c.500K (1715) -> 2.7m. (1815) Ind Rev-> pollution & pov - Workhouses-> 93% kids die - Smallpox killed 1/13 - 200 capital crimes - Gin cons. up 10X - Quick fortunes-> Noveau Riches Rise of towns & money economy in the High Middle Ages (FC. 64) England’s rising economy (FC. 96C) Enlightenment & Deism (FC. 99) Rapidly changing society with new wealth, problems, & the need to solve them View that humanity can & must reform society since the Deist god is detached Search for the ideal society, or at least ways to remedy society’s ills French philosophers who are heavily influenced by John Locke: Montesquieu who wanted separation of powers in govt. Voltaire who called for more civil & polit. liberties Rousseau who wanted direct small scale democr’s John Locke

  24. Montesquieu who wanted? FC.100 ENLIGHTENMENT POLITICAL, SOCIAL, & ECONOMIC IDEAS London society - Pop. c.500K (1715) -> 2.7m. (1815) Ind Rev-> pollution & pov - Workhouses-> 93% kids die - Smallpox killed 1/13 - 200 capital crimes - Gin cons. up 10X - Quick fortunes-> Noveau Riches Montesquieu "father of Pol. Science" Rise of towns & money economy in the High Middle Ages (FC. 64) England’s rising economy (FC. 96C) Enlightenment & Deism (FC. 99) Rapidly changing society with new wealth, problems, & the need to solve them View that humanity can & must reform society since the Deist god is detached Search for the ideal society, or at least ways to remedy society’s ills French philosophers who are heavily influenced by John Locke: Montesquieu who wanted separation of powers in govt. Voltaire who called for more civil & polit. liberties Rousseau who wanted direct small scale democr’s

  25. FC.100 ENLIGHTENMENT POLITICAL, SOCIAL, & ECONOMIC IDEAS London society - Pop. c.500K (1715) -> 2.7m. (1815) Ind Rev-> pollution & pov - Workhouses-> 93% kids die - Smallpox killed 1/13 - 200 capital crimes - Gin cons. up 10X - Quick fortunes-> Noveau Riches Montesquieu "father of Pol. Science" - Spirit of the Laws: Rise of towns & money economy in the High Middle Ages (FC. 64) England’s rising economy (FC. 96C) Enlightenment & Deism (FC. 99) Rapidly changing society with new wealth, problems, & the need to solve them View that humanity can & must reform society since the Deist god is detached Search for the ideal society, or at least ways to remedy society’s ills French philosophers who are heavily influenced by John Locke: Montesquieu who wanted separation of powers in govt. Voltaire who called for more civil & polit. liberties Rousseau who wanted direct small scale democr’s

  26. Montesquieu on the separation of powers in govt. “ Liberty is the right of doing whatever the law permits”

  27. Montesquieu on the separation of powers in govt. “ Liberty is the right of doing whatever the law permits” "In order to have Liberty, it is requisite that govt. be so constituted as one man need not be afraid of another.”

  28. Montesquieu on the separation of powers in govt. “ Liberty is the right of doing whatever the law permits” "In order to have Liberty, it is requisite that govt. be so constituted as one man need not be afraid of another.” "Whenever the legislative & executive powers are united in the same person, or in the same body of magistrates, there can be no liberty."

  29. FC.100 ENLIGHTENMENT POLITICAL, SOCIAL, & ECONOMIC IDEAS London society - Pop. c.500K (1715) -> 2.7m. (1815) Ind Rev-> pollution & pov - Workhouses-> 93% kids die - Smallpox killed 1/13 - 200 capital crimes - Gin cons. up 10X - Quick fortunes-> Noveau Riches Montesquieu "father of Pol. Science" - Spirit of the Laws: -Dif. Cond’s-> dif. gov's Rise of towns & money economy in the High Middle Ages (FC. 64) England’s rising economy (FC. 96C) Enlightenment & Deism (FC. 99) Rapidly changing society with new wealth, problems, & the need to solve them View that humanity can & must reform society since the Deist god is detached Search for the ideal society, or at least ways to remedy society’s ills French philosophers who are heavily influenced by John Locke: Montesquieu who wanted separation of powers in govt. Voltaire who called for more civil & polit. liberties Rousseau who wanted direct small scale democr’s

  30. FC.100 ENLIGHTENMENT POLITICAL, SOCIAL, & ECONOMIC IDEAS London society - Pop. c.500K (1715) -> 2.7m. (1815) Ind Rev-> pollution & pov - Workhouses-> 93% kids die - Smallpox killed 1/13 - 200 capital crimes - Gin cons. up 10X - Quick fortunes-> Noveau Riches Montesquieu "father of Pol. Science" - Spirit of the Laws: -Dif. Cond’s-> dif. gov's - Impact of climate Rise of towns & money economy in the High Middle Ages (FC. 64) England’s rising economy (FC. 96C) Enlightenment & Deism (FC. 99) Rapidly changing society with new wealth, problems, & the need to solve them View that humanity can & must reform society since the Deist god is detached Search for the ideal society, or at least ways to remedy society’s ills French philosophers who are heavily influenced by John Locke: Montesquieu who wanted separation of powers in govt. Voltaire who called for more civil & polit. liberties Rousseau who wanted direct small scale democr’s

  31. FC.100 ENLIGHTENMENT POLITICAL, SOCIAL, & ECONOMIC IDEAS London society - Pop. c.500K (1715) -> 2.7m. (1815) Ind Rev-> pollution & pov - Workhouses-> 93% kids die - Smallpox killed 1/13 - 200 capital crimes - Gin cons. up 10X - Quick fortunes-> Noveau Riches Montesquieu "father of Pol. Science" - Spirit of the Laws: -Dif. Cond’s-> dif. gov's - Impact of climate - Not an extremist -> Infl.James Madison Rise of towns & money economy in the High Middle Ages (FC. 64) England’s rising economy (FC. 96C) Enlightenment & Deism (FC. 99) Rapidly changing society with new wealth, problems, & the need to solve them View that humanity can & must reform society since the Deist god is detached Search for the ideal society, or at least ways to remedy society’s ills French philosophers who are heavily influenced by John Locke: Montesquieu who wanted separation of powers in govt. Voltaire who called for more civil & polit. liberties Rousseau who wanted direct small scale democr’s

  32. FC.100 ENLIGHTENMENT POLITICAL, SOCIAL, & ECONOMIC IDEAS London society - Pop. c.500K (1715) -> 2.7m. (1815) Ind Rev-> pollution & pov - Workhouses-> 93% kids die - Smallpox killed 1/13 - 200 capital crimes - Gin cons. up 10X - Quick fortunes-> Noveau Riches Montesquieu "father of Pol. Science" - Spirit of the Laws: -Dif. Cond’s-> dif. gov's - Impact of climate - Not an extremist -> Infl.James Madison Voltaire Rise of towns & money economy in the High Middle Ages (FC. 64) England’s rising economy (FC. 96C) Enlightenment & Deism (FC. 99) Rapidly changing society with new wealth, problems, & the need to solve them View that humanity can & must reform society since the Deist god is detached Search for the ideal society, or at least ways to remedy society’s ills French philosophers who are heavily influenced by John Locke: Montesquieu who wanted separation of powers in govt. Voltaire who called for more civil & polit. liberties Rousseau who wanted direct small scale democr’s

  33. FC.100 ENLIGHTENMENT POLITICAL, SOCIAL, & ECONOMIC IDEAS London society - Pop. c.500K (1715) -> 2.7m. (1815) Ind Rev-> pollution & pov - Workhouses-> 93% kids die - Smallpox killed 1/13 - 200 capital crimes - Gin cons. up 10X - Quick fortunes-> Noveau Riches Montesquieu "father of Pol. Science" - Spirit of the Laws: -Dif. Cond’s-> dif. gov's - Impact of climate - Not an extremist -> Infl.James Madison Voltaire - Polit. Pragmatist -> liked diff. systems Rise of towns & money economy in the High Middle Ages (FC. 64) England’s rising economy (FC. 96C) Enlightenment & Deism (FC. 99) Rapidly changing society with new wealth, problems, & the need to solve them View that humanity can & must reform society since the Deist god is detached Search for the ideal society, or at least ways to remedy society’s ills French philosophers who are heavily influenced by John Locke: Montesquieu who wanted separation of powers in govt. Voltaire who called for more civil & polit. liberties Rousseau who wanted direct small scale democr’s

  34. FC.100 ENLIGHTENMENT POLITICAL, SOCIAL, & ECONOMIC IDEAS London society - Pop. c.500K (1715) -> 2.7m. (1815) Ind Rev-> pollution & pov - Workhouses-> 93% kids die - Smallpox killed 1/13 - 200 capital crimes - Gin cons. up 10X - Quick fortunes-> Noveau Riches Montesquieu "father of Pol. Science" - Spirit of the Laws: -Dif. Cond’s-> dif. gov's - Impact of climate - Not an extremist -> Infl.James Madison Voltaire - Polit. Pragmatist -> liked diff. systems - Civil liberties Rise of towns & money economy in the High Middle Ages (FC. 64) England’s rising economy (FC. 96C) Enlightenment & Deism (FC. 99) Rapidly changing society with new wealth, problems, & the need to solve them View that humanity can & must reform society since the Deist god is detached Search for the ideal society, or at least ways to remedy society’s ills French philosophers who are heavily influenced by John Locke: Montesquieu who wanted separation of powers in govt. Voltaire who called for more civil & polit. liberties Rousseau who wanted direct small scale democr’s

  35. FC.100 ENLIGHTENMENT POLITICAL, SOCIAL, & ECONOMIC IDEAS London society - Pop. c.500K (1715) -> 2.7m. (1815) Ind Rev-> pollution & pov - Workhouses-> 93% kids die - Smallpox killed 1/13 - 200 capital crimes - Gin cons. up 10X - Quick fortunes-> Noveau Riches Montesquieu "father of Pol. Science" - Spirit of the Laws: -Dif. Cond’s-> dif. gov's - Impact of climate - Not an extremist -> Infl.James Madison Voltaire - Polit. Pragmatist -> liked diff. systems - Civil liberties -> But for all society? Rise of towns & money economy in the High Middle Ages (FC. 64) England’s rising economy (FC. 96C) Enlightenment & Deism (FC. 99) Rapidly changing society with new wealth, problems, & the need to solve them View that humanity can & must reform society since the Deist god is detached Search for the ideal society, or at least ways to remedy society’s ills French philosophers who are heavily influenced by John Locke: Montesquieu who wanted separation of powers in govt. Voltaire who called for more civil & polit. liberties Rousseau who wanted direct small scale democr’s

  36. "All is not lost when one puts the people in a position to see it has intelligence. On the contrary, all is lost when you treat it like a herd of cattle, for sooner or later it will gore you with its horns"

  37. London society - Pop. c.500K (1715) -> 2.7m. (1815) Ind Rev-> pollution & pov - Workhouses-> 93% kids die - Smallpox killed 1/13 - 200 capital crimes - Gin cons. up 10X - Quick fortunes-> Noveau Riches Montesquieu "father of Pol. Science" - Spirit of the Laws: -Dif. Cond’s-> dif. gov's - Impact of climate - Not an extremist -> Infl.James Madison Votaire - Polit. Pragmatist -> liked diff. systems - Civil liberties -> But for all society? FC.100 ENLIGHTENMENT POLITICAL, SOCIAL, & ECONOMIC IDEAS Rise of towns & money economy in the High Middle Ages (FC. 64) England’s rising economy (FC. 96C) Enlightenment & Deism (FC. 99) Rapidly changing society with new wealth, problems, & the need to solve them View that humanity can & must reform society since the Deist god is detached Search for the ideal society, or at least ways to remedy society’s ills French philosophers who are heavily influenced by John Locke: Next? Montesquieu who wanted separation of powers in govt. Voltaire who called for more civil & polit. liberties Rousseau who wanted direct small scale democr’s

  38. London society - Pop. c.500K (1715) -> 2.7m. (1815) Ind Rev-> pollution & pov - Workhouses-> 93% kids die - Smallpox killed 1/13 - 200 capital crimes - Gin cons. up 10X - Quick fortunes-> Noveau Riches Montesquieu "father of Pol. Science" - Spirit of the Laws: -Dif. Cond’s-> dif. gov's - Impact of climate - Not an extremist -> Infl.James Madison Votaire - Polit. Pragmatist -> liked diff. systems - Civil liberties -> But for all society? Rousseau (1712-78) Won essay comp. saying Civ hadn’t improved Man FC.100 ENLIGHTENMENT POLITICAL, SOCIAL, & ECONOMIC IDEAS Rise of towns & money economy in the High Middle Ages (FC. 64) England’s rising economy (FC. 96C) Enlightenment & Deism (FC. 99) Rapidly changing society with new wealth, problems, & the need to solve them View that humanity can & must reform society since the Deist god is detached Search for the ideal society, or at least ways to remedy society’s ills French philosophers who are heavily influenced by John Locke: Montesquieu who wanted separation of powers in govt. Voltaire who called for more civil & polit. liberties Rousseau who wanted direct small scale democr’s

  39. Jean Jacque Rousseau (1712-78) " The first man who, having enclosed a piece of ground, bethought himself of saying This is mine, & found people simple enough to believe him, was the real founder of civil society.”--Second Discourse on Inequality (1755)

  40. Jean Jacque Rousseau (1712-78) " The first man who, having enclosed a piece of ground, bethought himself of saying This is mine, & found people simple enough to believe him, was the real founder of civil society.”--Second Discourse on Inequality (1755) "Man is born free; & everywhere he is in chains." --The Social Contract (1762)

  41. Jean Jacque Rousseau (1712-78) " The first man who, having enclosed a piece of ground, bethought himself of saying This is mine, & found people simple enough to believe him, was the real founder of civil society.”--Second Discourse on Inequality (1755) "Man is born free; & everywhere he is in chains." --The Social Contract (1762) "Tranquility is also found in dungeons; but is that enough to make them desirable places to live in?”--Social Contract

  42. London society - Pop. c.500K (1715) -> 2.7m. (1815) Ind Rev-> pollution & pov - Workhouses-> 93% kids die - Smallpox killed 1/13 - 200 capital crimes - Gin cons. up 10X - Quick fortunes-> Noveau Riches Montesquieu "father of Pol. Science" - Spirit of the Laws: -Dif. Cond’s-> dif. gov's - Impact of climate - Not an extremist -> Infl.James Madison Votaire - Polit. Pragmatist -> liked diff. systems - Civil liberties -> But for all society? Rousseau (1712-78) Won essay comp. saying Civ hadn’t improved Man - Praised other cultures What did Rousseau advocate? FC.100 ENLIGHTENMENT POLITICAL, SOCIAL, & ECONOMIC IDEAS Rise of towns & money economy in the High Middle Ages (FC. 64) England’s rising economy (FC. 96C) Enlightenment & Deism (FC. 99) Rapidly changing society with new wealth, problems, & the need to solve them View that humanity can & must reform society since the Deist god is detached Search for the ideal society, or at least ways to remedy society’s ills French philosophers who are heavily influenced by John Locke: Montesquieu who wanted separation of powers in govt. Voltaire who called for more civil & polit. liberties Rousseau who wanted direct small scale democr’s

  43. London society - Pop. c.500K (1715) -> 2.7m. (1815) Ind Rev-> pollution & pov - Workhouses-> 93% kids die - Smallpox killed 1/13 - 200 capital crimes - Gin cons. up 10X - Quick fortunes-> Noveau Riches Montesquieu "father of Pol. Science" - Spirit of the Laws: -Dif. Cond’s-> dif. gov's - Impact of climate - Not an extremist -> Infl.James Madison Votaire - Polit. Pragmatist -> liked diff. systems - Civil liberties -> But for all society? Rousseau (1712-78) Won essay comp. saying Civ hadn’t improved Man - Praised other cultures FC.100 ENLIGHTENMENT POLITICAL, SOCIAL, & ECONOMIC IDEAS Rise of towns & money economy in the High Middle Ages (FC. 64) England’s rising economy (FC. 96C) Enlightenment & Deism (FC. 99) Rapidly changing society with new wealth, problems, & the need to solve them View that humanity can & must reform society since the Deist god is detached Search for the ideal society, or at least ways to remedy society’s ills French philosophers who are heavily influenced by John Locke: Montesquieu who wanted separation of powers in govt. Voltaire who called for more civil & polit. liberties Rousseau who wanted direct small scale democr’s

  44. London society - Pop. c.500K (1715) -> 2.7m. (1815) Ind Rev-> pollution & pov - Workhouses-> 93% kids die - Smallpox killed 1/13 - 200 capital crimes - Gin cons. up 10X - Quick fortunes-> Noveau Riches Montesquieu "father of Pol. Science" - Spirit of the Laws: -Dif. Cond’s-> dif. gov's - Impact of climate - Not an extremist -> Infl.James Madison Votaire - Polit. Pragmatist -> liked diff. systems - Civil liberties -> But for all society? Rousseau (1712-78) Won essay comp. saying Civ hadn’t improved Man - Praised other cultures - Emile: Educ. kidsacc. to their stages of dev. FC.100 ENLIGHTENMENT POLITICAL, SOCIAL, & ECONOMIC IDEAS Rise of towns & money economy in the High Middle Ages (FC. 64) England’s rising economy (FC. 96C) Enlightenment & Deism (FC. 99) Rapidly changing society with new wealth, problems, & the need to solve them View that humanity can & must reform society since the Deist god is detached Search for the ideal society, or at least ways to remedy society’s ills French philosophers who are heavily influenced by John Locke: Montesquieu who wanted separation of powers in govt. Voltaire who called for more civil & polit. liberties Rousseau who wanted direct small scale democr’s

  45. London society - Pop. c.500K (1715) -> 2.7m. (1815) Ind Rev-> pollution & pov - Workhouses-> 93% kids die - Smallpox killed 1/13 - 200 capital crimes - Gin cons. up 10X - Quick fortunes-> Noveau Riches Montesquieu "father of Pol. Science" - Spirit of the Laws: -Dif. Cond’s-> dif. gov's - Impact of climate - Not an extremist -> Infl.James Madison Votaire - Polit. Pragmatist -> liked diff. systems - Civil liberties -> But for all society? Rousseau (1712-78) Won essay comp. saying Civ hadn’t improved Man - Praised other cultures - Emile: Educ. kidsacc. to their stages of dev. -Social Contract on Dem. FC.100 ENLIGHTENMENT POLITICAL, SOCIAL, & ECONOMIC IDEAS Rise of towns & money economy in the High Middle Ages (FC. 64) England’s rising economy (FC. 96C) Enlightenment & Deism (FC. 99) Rapidly changing society with new wealth, problems, & the need to solve them View that humanity can & must reform society since the Deist god is detached Search for the ideal society, or at least ways to remedy society’s ills French philosophers who are heavily influenced by John Locke: Montesquieu who wanted separation of powers in govt. Voltaire who called for more civil & polit. liberties Rousseau who wanted direct small scale democr’s French Rev. (FC. 105) All this led to?

  46. London society - Pop. c.500K (1715) -> 2.7m. (1815) Ind Rev-> pollution & pov - Workhouses-> 93% kids die - Smallpox killed 1/13 - 200 capital crimes - Gin cons. up 10X - Quick fortunes-> Noveau Riches Montesquieu "father of Pol. Science" - Spirit of the Laws: -Dif. Cond’s-> dif. gov's - Impact of climate - Not an extremist -> Infl.James Madison Votaire - Polit. Pragmatist -> liked diff. systems - Civil liberties -> But for all society? Rousseau (1712-78) Won essay comp. saying Civ hadn’t improved Man - Praised other cultures - Emile: Educ. kidsacc. to their stages of dev. -Social Contract on Dem. FC.100 ENLIGHTENMENT POLITICAL, SOCIAL, & ECONOMIC IDEAS Rise of towns & money economy in the High Middle Ages (FC. 64) England’s rising economy (FC. 96C) Enlightenment & Deism (FC. 99) Rapidly changing society with new wealth, problems, & the need to solve them View that humanity can & must reform society since the Deist god is detached Search for the ideal society, or at least ways to remedy society’s ills French philosophers who are heavily influenced by John Locke: Montesquieu who wanted separation of powers in govt. Voltaire who called for more civil & polit. liberties Rousseau who wanted direct small scale democr’s French Rev. (FC. 105)

  47. London society - Pop. c.500K (1715) -> 2.7m. (1815) Ind Rev-> pollution & pov - Workhouses-> 93% kids die - Smallpox killed 1/13 - 200 capital crimes - Gin cons. up 10X - Quick fortunes-> Noveau Riches Montesquieu "father of Pol. Science" - Spirit of the Laws: -Dif. Cond’s-> dif. gov's - Impact of climate - Not an extremist -> Infl.James Madison Votaire - Polit. Pragmatist -> liked diff. systems - Civil liberties -> But for all society? Rousseau (1712-78) Won essay comp. saying Civ hadn’t improved Man - Praised other cultures - Emile: Educ. kidsacc. to their stages of dev. -Social Contract on Dem. Adam Smith FC.100 ENLIGHTENMENT POLITICAL, SOCIAL, & ECONOMIC IDEAS Rise of towns & money economy in the High Middle Ages (FC. 64) England’s rising economy (FC. 96C) Enlightenment & Deism (FC. 99) Rapidly changing society with new wealth, problems, & the need to solve them View that humanity can & must reform society since the Deist god is detached Search for the ideal society, or at least ways to remedy society’s ills French philosophers who are heavily influenced by John Locke: Montesquieu who wanted separation of powers in govt. Voltaire who called for more civil & polit. liberties Rousseau who wanted direct small scale democr’s French Rev. (FC. 105) Adam Smith’s economics: Should trade be free or regulated? Free tradeEcon’s regulate themselves Everyone can profit Free trade People have incentive to work hard & be productive

  48. London society - Pop. c.500K (1715) -> 2.7m. (1815) Ind Rev-> pollution & pov - Workhouses-> 93% kids die - Smallpox killed 1/13 - 200 capital crimes - Gin cons. up 10X - Quick fortunes-> Noveau Riches Montesquieu "father of Pol. Science" - Spirit of the Laws: -Dif. Cond’s-> dif. gov's - Impact of climate - Not an extremist -> Infl.James Madison Votaire - Polit. Pragmatist -> liked diff. systems - Civil liberties -> But for all society? Rousseau (1712-78) Won essay comp. saying Civ hadn’t improved Man - Praised other cultures - Emile: Educ. kidsacc. to their stages of dev. -Social Contract on Dem. Free trade Who or what regulates trade? FC.100 ENLIGHTENMENT POLITICAL, SOCIAL, & ECONOMIC IDEAS Rise of towns & money economy in the High Middle Ages (FC. 64) England’s rising economy (FC. 96C) Enlightenment & Deism (FC. 99) Rapidly changing society with new wealth, problems, & the need to solve them View that humanity can & must reform society since the Deist god is detached Search for the ideal society, or at least ways to remedy society’s ills French philosophers who are heavily influenced by John Locke: Montesquieu who wanted separation of powers in govt. Voltaire who called for more civil & polit. liberties Rousseau who wanted direct small scale democr’s French Rev. (FC. 105) Adam Smith’s economics: Free tradeEcon’s regulate themselves Everyone can profit Free trade People have incentive to work hard & be productive

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