1. Santana Shearburn Dylan Wise Charles Darwin

2. Darwin • Charles Robert Darwin was born on February 12, 1809 in Shrewsbury, England • Known as the father of evolution

3. Works • The Voyage of the Beagle • The Origin of Species • The Origin of Species by means of Natural Selection or, The Preservation of Favoured Races in the Struggle for Life • The Descent of Man

4. Darwinism • Darwinism designates a distinctive form of evolutionary explanation for the history and diversity of life on earth. Its original formulation is provided in the first edition of On the Origin of Species in 1859. This entry first formulates ‘Darwin's Darwinism’ in terms of five philosophically distinctive themes: • 1 probability and chance, • 2 the nature, power and scope of selection, • 3 adaptation and teleology, • 4 nominalism vs. essentialism about species and • 5 the tempo and mode of evolutionary change.

5. Darwinism Cont. • Darwin's theory of evolutionary selection holds that variation within species occurs randomly and that the survival or extinction of each organism is determined by that organism's ability to adapt to its environment.

6. Vocabulary • Teleology: Teleology (Greek telos, “end”; logos, “discourse”), in philosophy, the science or doctrine that attempts to explain the universe in terms of ends or final causes. Teleology is based on the proposition that the universe has design and purpose. • Nominalism: Nominalism is the designation usually applied to any philosophical system, ancient or modern, that denies all objectivity, whether actual or potential, to universals; in other words, nominalists grant no universality to mental concepts outside the mind.

7. Quotes • "Ignorance more frequently begets confidence than does knowledge: it is those who know little, not those who know much, who so positively assert that this or that problem will never be solved by science.“ • "In the struggle for survival, the fittest win out at the expense of their rivals because they succeed in adapting themselves best to their environment.“ • "I love fools’ experiments. I am always making them."

8. Quotes Cont. • " As for a future life, every man must judge for himself between conflicting vague probabilities." • "a scientific man ought to have no wishes, no affections, -- a mere heart of stone" • "The fact of evolution is the backbone of biology, and biology is thus in the peculiar position of being a science founded on an improved theory, is it then a science or faith?"

9. Why should I listen to Darwin? • Degree from Cambridge • Theory is widely accepted • Still used in schools today • Darwin's scientific discovery is the unifying theory of the life sciences, explaining the diversity of life

10. “Nothing is easier than to admit in words the truth of the universal struggle for life, or more difficult than constantly to bear this conclusion in mind”

11. Bibliography • http://www.lucidcafe.com/lucidcafe/library/96feb/darwin.html • http://darwin-online.org.uk/ • http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/darwinism/ • http://www.springerlink.com/content/jw63457280347571/ • http://www.suite101.com/content/charles-darwin-evolution-and-philosophy-a256044 • http://mb-soft.com/believe/txn/nominali.htm • http://www.kheper.net/topics/cosmology/teleology.html • http://www.darwin-literature.com/l_quotes.html • http://www.aboutdarwin.com/literature/CD_Books.html • http://www.literature.org/authors/darwin-charles/