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Understanding Look-Alike and Sound-Alike Medical Terms

This lesson explores essential look-alike and sound-alike medical terminology, focusing on roots, definitions, and clinical relevance. Key terms include arteri/o (artery), ather/o (plaque or fatty substance), and myel/o (bone marrow or spinal cord). Moreover, you'll learn about crucial suffixes like -itis (inflammation) and prefixes like py/o (pus), enabling better comprehension of medical terms related to infections, inflammation, and other conditions. This concise guide aids healthcare professionals and students in mastering medical language for effective communication and patient care.

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Understanding Look-Alike and Sound-Alike Medical Terms

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  1. Medical Terminology Lesson 2

  2. Look-Alike, Sound Alike Terms • Arteri/o artery • Ather/o plaque or fatty substance • Arthr/o joint

  3. ileum – part of the small intestine (remember that the med term for intestines is “enter” and it has an “e” like ileum. • ilium is part of the hip bone – you can see the ilium when you lay on your back..it’s the bones that are sticking up.

  4. Infection – an invasion of the body by a pathogen. It may be local or affect the entire body • Inflammation – a localized response to injury or destruction of tissues. The usual indications of inflammation are (1) redness, (2) heat, (3) swelling (edema) and (4) pain. • The suffix –itis means inflammation; however it also is often used to indicate infection.

  5. Laceration – a torn, ragged wound • Lesion – a pathological change of the tissue due to disease or injury

  6. Mucous – an adjective that describes the specialized mucous membranes that line the body cavities and some organs • Trachea mucous membrane • Mucus is a noun and is the name of the substance secreted by the mucous membranes. (you can probably figure out a secretion that comes out of the nose….that’s mucus)

  7. Myc/o – fungus. Mycosis means any disease caused Athlete’s Foot (Tinea Pedis) by a fungus (osis = abnormal condition myc= fungus) • Myel/o – bone marrow or spinal cord • My/o - muscle

  8. -ologist – specialist. A gerontologist is a specialist in treating the elderly.(geront means old age) • -ology – the study of. Cardiology is the study of the heart.

  9. Palpation – examination technique when the examiner uses the hands to feel the size and consistency of certain body parts. • Palpitation – pounding or racing heart

  10. Prostate – male gland that surrounds the urethra • Prostrate – means to be lying flat or be overcome with exhaustion

  11. Pyel/o – renal pelvis (part of the kidney) pyelogram • py/o – pus • pyoderma (pus-producing • disease of the skin) • Pyr/o – fever or fire (pyretic means pertaining to fever) (pyrosis – abnormal condition of fire…..also known as heartburn)

  12. Supination – rotating the forearm so the palm faces upward or forward • Suppuration – formation or discharge of pus MRSA

  13. Triage – the medical screening of patients to determine the priority of need • Trauma – wound or injury. These are the types of injuries that occur in accidents, shootings, natural disasters, or fire.

  14. Viral – pertaining to a virus (vir means virus or poison, al means pertaining to) • human immunodeficiencyvirus • Virile – possessing masculine traits

  15. A few more word roots…these indicate color • Cyan/o – blue (cyanosis) • Erythr/o – red erythrema

  16. Leuk/o – white leukocyte • melan/o – black melanoma • Poli/o – gray Poliomyelitis affects the gray matter of the spinal cord

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