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The First World War. d) The unfolding of the war. d) The unfolding of the war. When war broke out in _____________, people thought it would be short Many even believed that the soldiers would return to celebrate Christmas with their families. German soldiers in 1914.
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The First World War d) The unfolding of the war
d) The unfolding of the war • When war broke out in _____________, people thought it would be short • Many even believed that the soldiers would return to celebrate Christmas with their families Germansoldiers in 1914
d) The unfolding of the war • Fighters regrouped into two camps: the Allies and the Central Powers.
d) The unfolding of the war The Germans' Schlieffen Plan: Military Plan twofold: • ________________________________________ (or so they thought!) • A major military campaign against Russian troops • The success of the plan depended on _______________ _____________________________________________ • In less than _________________, Germany had conquered Belgium, but the Belgian resistance had slowed the attack, which allows the British and the French to stop the Germans a few kilometers from Paris
The Schlieffen Plan (p.81) • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lJXAcl8D51Y (The failure of the Schlieffen Plan) Reflection: Describe Alfred von Schlieffen’s plan for the invasion of France, and explain why the defeat of France was Germany’s primary objective.
d) The unfolding of the war 2. The _____________________: • September 1914, a great battle between ________________________________broke out near the Marne River in France
d) The unfolding of the war • The ________________ ____________________ ____________________ ___________________ • The German war plan had ________________ • The German armies had been held back, but not vanquished • It now becomes clear that the war will be far from short ...
d) The unfolding of the war 3. Trench warfare: • After the Battle of the Marne, how to wage war changed • War "of movement" becomes __________ __________________ • Trench warfare is required
d) The unfolding of the war 3. Trench warfare: The evolution of war: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vZFRcuP3R4E
d) The unfolding of the war • Early trenches were simple ditches dug by soldiers to protect themselves. • But in a short time, two parallel trenches marked the division between the Allies and the Germans over 800 km long • On the Eastern Front, a similar system existed between the Germans and Austro-Hungarians against the Russians
d) The unfolding of the war 4. The lives of soldiers • Trench warfare was a nightmare for soldiers • Hundreds of soldiers lived and worked together in a trench • There was no toilet and the air was the smell of stinking corpses in the "no man's land“ • Often the trenches were full of rats rummaging in the garbage, the living and the dead • In addition, the enemy was often less than 100m away ...
d) The unfolding of the war • The work of the soldiers was especially during the night, that is to say, bring supplies and ammunition and repairing trenches • In small groups, soldiers ventured into the "no man's land" to capture enemy wounded to inquire about their plans • After 6 days at the front, the soldiers retreated to take a few days off
d) The unfolding of the war 5. Battles: • The most difficult moments for soldiers were during the great battles • Some soldiers hid in their trenches or shelters dug in the ground, but others were left outside to guard • At the end of bombardment, the soldiers left their shelter and tried to cross through the "no man's land", very few succeeded
d) The unfolding of the war • During battles in the trenches, the soldiers served mainly rifles, bayonets and grenades • If our soldiers were pushing an opponent, the victory was ours • If the enemy was too strong, our soldiers had to withdraw on the second line of trenches
d) The unfolding of the war • The results for most of the battles was similar: a lot of dead and wounded and short gains on the ground • For example, at the Battle of Verdun in 1916, the German forces lost 330,000 men without being able to chase the French soldiers from their trenches • Similarly, the French forces lost about the same number of soldiers defending their trenches in this battle of six months • The soldiers called the fighting “_____________"
