Team Dynamics

1. Team Dynamics Tools and Tips for Team-based Learning R. Keith Stanfill, Ph.D., P.E.Director, IPPD stanfill@ufl.edu www.ippd.ufl.edu

2. Agenda • Motivation for using teams in the classroom • Forming teams • Promoting teamwork • Assessing teams • Dealing with problems Team Dynamics Workshop.ppt

3. References • [TMJ] The Team Memory Jogger, GOAL/QPC and Oriel Inc., 1995, ISBN 1-879364-51-4 • [TQM] “An Introduction to TQM: Team Management / Effective Meetings,” Dr. Diane Schaub, 1 Nov. 2004, UF. http://www.ise.ufl.edu/ein3101c/classdocs/Fall04/IntroTQM.ppt • [Wilde] TEAMOLOGY: The Construction and Organization of Effective Teams, Douglass J. Wilde, Design Division, Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, 2007http://wikibox.stanford.edu:8310/06-07/Public/Leifer_Supporting_Literature/Wilde_Teamology_2007.pdf Team Dynamics Workshop.ppt

4. Agenda • Motivation for using teams in the classroom • Forming teams • Promoting teamwork • Assessing teams • Dealing with problems Team Dynamics Workshop.ppt

5. Why Use Teams? Team Dynamics Workshop.ppt

6. What Makes a Good Team? • The pit crewchanges 4 tires,refuels the car,& cleans thewindshield—all in <20 sec. • How? http://www2.raisport.rai.it/news/sport/f1/200107/30/3b6556cf03dbc/8barripit.jpg Team Dynamics Workshop.ppt

7. Exercise: Think silently for a minute, and then get with your neighbors List characteristics of good teams What Makes a Good Team? http://www.3trpd.co.uk/images/jordan/pit-crew-w400.jpg Team Dynamics Workshop.ppt

8. Teamwork • Successful teams have: Team Dynamics Workshop.ppt

9. Agenda • Motivation for using teams in the classroom • Forming teams • Promoting teamwork • Assessing teams • Dealing with problems Team Dynamics Workshop.ppt

10. Team Formation • Consider • Duration of activity • Difficulty of activity • Diversity of thought • Outcome Team Dynamics Workshop.ppt

11. Formation Process • Ad hoc • Random • Self-selected • Systematic • Constrained self-selection • What are the pros and cons of each? Team Dynamics Workshop.ppt

12. Systematic Approach • Teamology [Wilde] • Creates cognitively diverse teams • Questionnaire-based process (can use MBTI results) • Simple sorting • Useful for constrained self-selection Team Dynamics Workshop.ppt

13. Does it Work? Team Dynamics Workshop.ppt

14. Lincoln Awards with Perception & Decision Making (Judgment) Guidance 100 80 73% PERCEPTION & JUDGMENT 57% % OF TEAMS 60 40 27% PERCEPTION ONLY 20 BASE 0 13 YEARS 6 YEARS 3 YEARS Team Dynamics Workshop.ppt

15. Teamology • Great for 4-person teams • Will the team members get along? • If a team is not well-balanced cognitively, can they still succeed? Team Dynamics Workshop.ppt

16. Agenda • Motivation for using teams in the classroom • Forming teams • Promoting teamwork • Assessing teams • Dealing with problems Team Dynamics Workshop.ppt

17. Teamwork • Stages of Team Growth • Forming: Initial team formation • Storming: Reality hits. Conflicts. • Norming: Relationships are established. • Performing: Highly effective and cohesive [TQM] Team Dynamics Workshop.ppt

18. Common to All Teams • Roles & responsibilities • Individual work • Team work • Meetings Team Dynamics Workshop.ppt

19. Lincoln Award Quality 100% 100 Top 4 Prizes 33% 80 73% Other 8 Prizes % OF TEAMS 60 35% 57% 23% 40 27% 9% 20 0 13 YEARS 6 YEARS 3 YEARS GOAL Team Dynamics Workshop.ppt

20. Building Teamwork:Basic Rules • Communicate goals • Ask for ideas (just say yes!) • Involve everyone • Reinforce participation and teamwork • Provide active support [TQM] Team Dynamics Workshop.ppt

21. First Meeting Activities • Introductions • Collect and distribute contact info • Establish time for regular meetings • Establish team roles & norms • Build a team identity • Come up with a creative team name • Develop a team logo Team Dynamics Workshop.ppt

22. Agenda • Motivation for using teams in the classroom • Forming teams • Promoting teamwork • Assessing teams • Dealing with problems Team Dynamics Workshop.ppt

23. Evaluating Teams • MJ and I • Use multiple evaluation tools • Team deliverables • Presentations • Peer assessments Team Dynamics Workshop.ppt

24. Peer Assessments Elements • Self evaluation • Peer evaluations • Open-ended comments Optional • Rankings • Points distribution Team Dynamics Workshop.ppt

25. Improving Assessments • Develop rubrics that include expectations • i.e. Leadership: 5 = inspires team by consistently and clearly defining tasks and expectations for completion, delegating a balance of task-oriented and creative activities, setting a good example by always being on time and meeting commitments; 3 = defines tasks for delegation and frequently defines expectations, meets most commitments; 1 = rarely prepared and very little follow through • Make assessments mandatory • Web-enabled for consolidation and anonymous distribution Team Dynamics Workshop.ppt

26. Agenda • Motivation for using teams in the classroom • Forming teams • Promoting teamwork • Assessing teams • Dealing with problems Team Dynamics Workshop.ppt

27. Team Problems • Conflict & disagreements • Power & authority • Overbearing experts • Lack of focus • Too much agreement • Uneven participation • Lack of follow-through [TMJ] Team Dynamics Workshop.ppt

28. Conflict & Disagreements • Some conflict & disagreement is a good thing • Must often balance conflicting ideas to make good choices and decisions • Never disagreeing is a bad thing Recognizing problems… [TMJ] Team Dynamics Workshop.ppt

29. Conflict & Disagreements Importance of dealing with it • Arguing for the sake of arguing • Wastes everyone’s time • Taken as a sign of • Unhappiness with the team • Unwillingness to get along Be proactive—don’t let problems fester [TMJ] Team Dynamics Workshop.ppt

30. Dealing with Disagreements • Listen • Clarify core issue—list areas of agreement & disagreement • “Let’s all take 5 minutes to think silently about these issues…” • Periodically check your understanding of the disagreement [TMJ] Team Dynamics Workshop.ppt

31. Improving Objectivity • Focus on the topic • Avoid judgmental language • Make an honest effort to understand each point of view • Encourage feuders to ask for help! [TMJ] Team Dynamics Workshop.ppt

32. Summary • Motivation • Formation strategies • Promoting teamwork • Assessment • Handling problems Team Dynamics Workshop.ppt

33. Questions?

34. Back Up

35. Lincoln Awards toUnguided Stanford Teams 100 80 % OF TEAMS 60 40 27% 20 0 13 YEARS Team Dynamics Workshop.ppt

36. Lincoln Awards with Information Collection (Perception) Guidance 100 80 57% % OF TEAMS 60 40 27% 20 0 13 YEARS 6 YEARS Team Dynamics Workshop.ppt

37. Mean Number of Roles 10.4 9.4 8.4 Best, Gold & Silver Bronze & Merit No award 9 10 5 Team Dynamics Workshop.ppt

38. Jungian Domains Pe Je Extraverted Perception Extraverted Judgment Sensing iNtuition Thinking Feeling S N T F Introverted Perception Introverted Judgment Pi Ji Information Collection (Perception) Decision Making (Judgment) Team Dynamics Workshop.ppt

39. Keywords Pe Je EXPLORATION CONTROL FACTS POSSIB- ILITIES THINGS PEOPLE S N T F FOCUS APPRAISAL Pi Ji Information Collection (Perception) Decision Making (Judgment) Team Dynamics Workshop.ppt

40. Cognitive Mode & Planning Group Keywords Se Ne Te Fe Pe Je EXPER- IMENT SYNTHESIS ORGANI- ZATION COMMU- NITY ES EN ET EF S N T F IS IN IT IF KNOW- LEDGE IMAGIN- ATION EVALU- ATION ANALYSIS Si Ni Ti Fi Pi Ji Information Collection (Perception) Decision Making (Judgment) Team Dynamics Workshop.ppt

41. Cognitive Mode & Team Role Keywords Coord- inator Entre- preneur Se Tester Ne Te Diplomat Fe Inno- vator EXPER- IMENT Pe SYNTHESIS ORGANI- ZATION Je COMMU- NITY Conci- liator Proto- typer Method- ologist ES EN ET EF S N T F Vision- ary IS IN IT IF Invest- igator Need- finder KNOW- LEDGE IMAGIN- ATION Spec- ialist EVALU- ATION ANALYSIS Ji Pi Si Ni Ti Fi Insp- ector Strat- egist Reviewer Critiquer Information Collection (Perception) Decision Making (Judgment) Team Dynamics Workshop.ppt

42. Team Problems • Conflict & disagreements • Power & authority • Overbearing experts • Lack of focus • Too much agreement • Uneven participation • Lack of follow-through [TMJ] Team Dynamics Workshop.ppt

43. Teamwork • Successful teams have: • Clear goals and plans • Clear communications • Awareness of behaviors and interactions. Team Dynamics Workshop.ppt

44. Holding Meetings The wrong way: • Call a meeting • Wait for people to show… • Try to decide why we’re here… • Begin discussion. Run out of time. People begin to leave… Meeting over! Team Dynamics Workshop.ppt

45. Holding Meetings The right way: Team Dynamics Workshop.ppt

46. How to Begin [TQM] Team Dynamics Workshop.ppt

47. Team Meeting Function • Team meetings are: a time to share information and plan for a concerted effort by the team. • Team meetings are not: a place to work on individual assignments. • Team meetings should be: well organized, and make good use of time. • Team meetings should not be: too long, ad-hoc Team Dynamics Workshop.ppt

48. How to Have Effective Meetings • Making an agenda • Meeting roles • Code of conduct • Parking lot • Meeting effectiveness survey • Have fun! [TQM] Team Dynamics Workshop.ppt

49. Making a Meeting Agenda • What: Provides a overview of what is to be covered during the meeting • Why: To keep on-track and on-time, plus provides a record of progress • When: Before the meeting starts, creating the agenda for the NEXT meeting should be the last agenda item in the CURRENT meeting • How: -Includes where/when meeting is held. • Lists items and times to be discussed. • Records deliverables, who, what, when [TQM] Team Dynamics Workshop.ppt

50. How to Have Effective Meetings • Making an agenda • Meeting roles • Code of conduct • Parking lot • Meeting effectiveness survey • Have fun! [TQM] Team Dynamics Workshop.ppt