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Overall marketing strategy. Based on their mission statements, firms set strategic objectives Strategic objectives should be quantified and measurable and create a challenge for the organization Insight: you cannot run an organization on a large number of objectives. Overall marketing strategy.
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Overall marketing strategy • Based on their mission statements, firms set strategic objectives • Strategic objectives should be quantified and measurable and create a challenge for the organization • Insight: you cannot run an organization on a large number of objectives Marketing Management
Overall marketing strategy • What is our source of revenue? • Where does our business come from? • There are many options to increase sales, including converting non-users; taking-away share from competitors; increasing overall market by higher intensity, or unwanted outcomes such as cannibalisation Marketing Management
STARTING SITUATION OVERALL CUSTOMER BASE NON-USERS C OUR OTHER BRAND A CURRENT CUSTOMERS B COMPETING BRAND Marketing Management
OPTION: TAKE AWAY CUSTOMERS FROM B OVERALL CUSTOMER BASE NON-USERS C OTHER BRAND CURRENT CUSTOMERS A B COMPETING BRAND Marketing Management
UNWANTED OPTION:CANNIBALIZE OVERALL CUSTOMER BASE NON-USERS A C OUR OTHER BRAND CURRENT CUSTOMERS B COMPETING BRAND Marketing Management
OPTION:INCREASE A BY CONVERTING NON-USERS OVERALL CUSTOMER BASE NON-USERS A C OUR OTHER BRAND CURRENT CUSTOMERS B COMPETING BRAND Marketing Management
Overall marketing strategy • You should do something different in every situation • Converting non-users, be careful not to become generic • Generic examples: Marketing Management
Overall marketing strategy • Take share away from competitors: usually a good move; look at the cost • Cannibalization: avoid Marketing Management
Product features • The most basic strategic decision: which markets to serve by which products • Depending on the product and the customers: develop segment specific product features • Insights from information goods: versioning Marketing Management
Competitive advantage • There are many ways to create competitive advantage: • Cost-based: IKEA, Southwest • Quality-based:Fedex, Danone • Perceived quality or brand: • Or a combination of all these Marketing Management
Product Positioning • What are the dimensions ? • How important are dimensions ? • How do you compare on dimensions ? • How do customers decide ? Marketing Management
PREFERENCE MAP OF A NEW PRODUCT CATEGORY A THE IDEAL POINT x B Marketing Management
PREFERENCE MAP AFTER THE FIRST ENTRY A THE NEW IDEAL POINT x Y x THE FIRST BRAND THE IDEAL POINT B Marketing Management
WHERE TO POSITIONS SECOND BRAND ON THE PREFERENCE MAP ? A ? THE NEW IDEAL POINT x Y THE FIRST BRAND ? ? B Marketing Management
The value proposition For (target customer) who (statement of the need) the (product or brand name) is a (product category) that (statement of the key benefit/reason to buy). Unlike (primary competitive alternative), (product/brand name) (statement of the primary differentiation) Marketing Management
The value proposition=often called positioning statement • The Coca-Cola Bible: Point of Difference Point of Reference Support Marketing Management
The Marketing Mix • Price • Communication • Promotion • Channels • Or together: The 4P Marketing Management
Market segmentation • Everything we have until now discussed is based on the concept of market segmentation • There is an appealing reason to segment markets: to offer exactly what the customers want and create profit this way Marketing Management
Market segmentation definitions • Segmenting is breaking down the market into homogeneous groups of customers • Reasons: Customers differ in wants Have different price sensitivity Competitors might be active Marketing Management
An overview of segmentation criteria in consumer markets 1. Socio-demographics 2. Psychographics 3. Lifestyle 4. Benefits sought 5. Behavioural variables: user status/loyalty, buyer readiness, usage level, purchase habit 6. Usually multiple variables Marketing Management
Relevant Descriptor Variable: Climate 1 Cold zone 2 Continental zone 3 Hot zone Customer distribution Segment 1 Segment 2 Segment 3 0 100% Likelihood of solar panel purchse
Irrelevant descriptor Variable: Education 1Low 2 Medium 3 High Customer distribution Segment 1 Segment 2 Segment 3 0 100% Likelihood of solar panel purchse