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Rocks And Minerals Benchmark Review

Rocks And Minerals Benchmark Review. What is a Mineral?. Over 4,000 minerals discovered! Each have a unique arrangement of atoms. Solid Inorganic Naturally Occurring Crystal Structure Definite Chemical Composition. Gem A precious or semiprecious stone when cut and polished or engraved. .

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Rocks And Minerals Benchmark Review

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  1. Rocks And Minerals Benchmark Review

  2. What is a Mineral? • Over 4,000 minerals discovered! • Each have a unique arrangement of atoms • Solid • Inorganic • Naturally Occurring • Crystal Structure • Definite Chemical Composition

  3. Gem • A precious or semiprecious stone when cut and polished or engraved. • Ore • A mineral that contains important elements including metals. • Extracted through processes. One common known process is Smelting.

  4. Properties of Minerals • Crystal Structure • Cleavage vs. Fracture • Color • Streak and Luster • Hardness • Special properties • Reaction with Acid • Specific Gravity • Magnetism • Taste

  5. ROCKS!!!!!

  6. IGNEOUS ROCKS • Formed from volcanic activity • The cooling of Magma/Lava Intrusive Extrusive • Hardening of Lava • Fast cooling • Produces small crystals • Fine grained texture(smooth) • Hardening of magma • Slow cooling • Produces large crystals • Coarse grained texture(rough) Granite Obsidian

  7. Sedimentary Rock • Erosion • Deposition • Compaction • Cementation

  8. 3 sedimentary rock types Detrital Organic Sed. Rocks *Sm or Lgparticles (Smooth or Rough) Ex. Shale, Sandstone Sed. Living *Depends on what sed’s come from (smooth or rough) Ex. Coal, Limestone Chemical Evap H20 Crystallization *Depends on Crystal size (Cooling Rate) Ex. Rock Salt, Gypsum

  9. Fossils • Plant or animal remains left over in a rock. • Only found in sedimentary rocks • Would melt or burn in igneous or metamorphic rocks

  10. Metamorphic Rock • Igneous and Sedimentary rocks undergo Heat, and Pressure to “Morph” into a metamorphic rock. • Foliated • Grains in rocks are arranged in parallel layers • Distinct pattern • “Bands of colors” • Non-Foliated • Grains in rocks are arranged randomly • No distinct pattern or layers Ex. Gneiss Ex. Soapstone

  11. The Rock Cycle

  12. GOOD LUCK!!!! STUDY!!!!

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