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VERTEBRAL COLUMN

VERTEBRAL COLUMN. FRANJKA ANTOLIŠ, 2 nd YEAR 2013/2014 Mentor: A. Žmegač Horvat. VERTEBRAL COLUMN. FUNCTION supporting axis of the body protection for the spinal cord SYNONYMS spinal column, backbone, spine. VERTEBRAL COLUMN. CURVATURES cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral DIVISION

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VERTEBRAL COLUMN

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  1. VERTEBRAL COLUMN FRANJKA ANTOLIŠ, 2nd YEAR 2013/2014 Mentor: A. Žmegač Horvat

  2. VERTEBRAL COLUMN • FUNCTION • supporting axis of the body • protection for the spinal cord • SYNONYMS • spinal column, backbone, spine

  3. VERTEBRAL COLUMN • CURVATURES • cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral • DIVISION • cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral, coccygeal • COMPONENTS • intervertebral discs and vertebrae

  4. CURVATURES OF THE VERTEBRAL COLUMN • 4 CURVATURES IN TOTAL • cervical - secondary • thoracic - primary • lumbar - secondary • sacral - primary • SCOLIOSIS • abnormal, sideways curvature of the spine • dextroscoliosis (thoracic)/ levoscoliosis (lumbar)

  5. SCOLIOSIS

  6. DIVISION • CERVICAL VERTEBRAE • C1 - C7 • atlas, axis, vertebra prominens • bony aspect of the neck • THORACIC VERTEBRAE • T1 - T12 • thoracic = rib cage • LUMBAR VERTEBRAE • L1 - L5 • strongest and largest • SACRUM • curved, triangular shape • “S1 - S5”, sacral bones at birth • COCCYX • tailbone • Co1 - Co4 • fused / separate vertebrae with limited movement

  7. COMPONENTS • VERTEBRA • an individual backbone • vertebral body • exception : atlas • lumbar vertebrae - large bodies • vertebral=neural arch: 2x laminae + pedicle

  8. COMPONENTS • vertebral foramen • between arch and body • triangular, round • spinal=vertebral canal, spinal cord • intervertebral foramen • formed by the juxtaposition of superior and inferior notches in the pedicles • processes • transverse - articulation with ribs, lumbar vertebrae have mammillary and accessory processes • superior and inferior articular processes = zygapophyses, articulation with other vertebrae • spinous - located at the posterior aspect of the neck, in the midline, easily palpable from C7

  9. COMPONENTS • INTERVERTEBRAL DISCS • between vertebrae • outer fibrous and central semi- fluid part • bind the vertebrae • give flexibility • shock absorbers • SCIATICA • pain caused by pressure on the sciatic nerve • prolapsed intervertebral disc • nucleus pulposus escapes posterolaterally

  10. VOCABULARY RECAP • VERTEBRAL COLUMN • spinal column, backbone, spine • PRIMARY AND SECONDARY CURVATURES • thoracic, sacral, cervical, lumbar • SCOLIOSIS • abnormal curvature of the spine • dextroscoliosis, levoscoliosis • THORACIC = RIB CAGE • bony enclosing wall of the chest consisting chiefly of the ribs and structures connecting them • COCCYX • tailbone • ZYGAPOPHYSES • superior and inferior articular processes • SCIATICA • pain caused by pressure on the sciatic nerve

  11. REFERENCES • http://imueos.wordpress.com/2010/11/09/vertebral-column/ • http://www.merriam-webster.com/ • The Language of Medicine: Chabner, Saunders

  12. THANK YOU FOR YOUR TIME 

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