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Vertebral Column

Vertebral Column. Consists of 31 vertebrae and the intervening discs It appears as straight line anteroposteriorly , and with multiple curves laterally According to shape and location, vertebrae can be divided into: Cervical Thoracic Lumbar Sacral

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Vertebral Column

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  1. Vertebral Column • Consists of 31 vertebrae and the intervening discs • It appears as straight line anteroposteriorly, and with multiple curves laterally • According to shape and location, vertebrae can be divided into: Cervical Thoracic Lumbar Sacral • Primary vs Secondary curve • Spine abnormalities

  2. Vertebral Column • General structure of vertebra : Body Pedicle Lamina Spine Transverse process Vertebral foramen Vertebral notch Superior articulating process Inferior articulating process

  3. Cervical Vertebrae • 1st cervical vertebra(Atlas) No body No spine Anterior arch Posterior arch • 2nd cervical vertebra (Axis) looks like typical vertebra It has odontoid process (Dens)

  4. Cervical Vertebrae • Typical cervical vertebra: Characterized by general structure of vertebra It has a bifid spine • 7th cervical vertebra: Characterized by general structure of vertebra It has no bifid spine

  5. Ligaments of the Spine • Anterior spinal ligament • Posterior spinal ligament • Tectorial membrane • Interspinous ligaments • Supraspinous ligament • Ligamentumflavum

  6. Atlanto Occipital Joint • Between dens and anterior arch of atlas • Supported by alar ligament and cruciate ligament • Cruciate ligament Superior longitudinal Inferior longitudinal Transverse

  7. Ligaments of the Spine • Anterior longitudinal • Posterior longitudinal • Supraspinous • Interspinous • Ligamentumflavum

  8. Thoracic Vertebra • Heart-shaped body • Long, thin, vertical spine • Round vertebral foramen • Body/foramen ratio almost 2 • Superior articulating facets facing posteriorly • Body has impression for rib articulation

  9. Lumbar Vertebra • Kidney-shaped body • Short, thick, horizontal spine • Tringularvertebral foramen • Body/foramen ratio almost 3-4 • Noimpression for rib articulation

  10. The Sacrum • Identify the following: Anterior sacral foramina Transverse lines Promontory Ala Posterior sacral foramina Median sacral crest Medial sacral crest Lateral sacral crest Sacral hiatus Cornu Sacral canal

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