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Transistor Aging. Niranjan Soundararajan. Aging. Timeline. Clock period. Start of lifetime. Fails!!. Transistors do age… like humans. Transistors slow down over time Rate of aging very related to stress Similarities exist in the cause and effect of aging. Mortality rate comparison.
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Transistor Aging Niranjan Soundararajan
Aging Timeline Clock period Start of lifetime Fails!!
Transistors do age… like humans • Transistors slow down over time • Rate of aging very related to stress • Similarities exist in the cause and effect of aging
Mortality rate comparison Process Variation - Systematic: You are as good as your friends
Different Aging Phenomena • NBTI • Transistor holds same data for long periods • “All work and no play” • HCE • Related to amount of switching • Moving back and forth between jobs • Oxide Breakdown • Breakdown of gate-oxide between semi-conductors slowly over time • Electro-Migration • Electron flow in same direction • Blood flow
Decreasing aging effects • Stress reduction mechanisms • Meditation • Decrease temperature for transistors • Load-balancing • Facelift • “Transistor Aging” related paper • Defect tolerance • Monitoring • Health periodically • Sensors on-chip to identify stressed transistors