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Meiosis

Meiosis. What do we need to know? (background information). Homologous chromosomes : a pair of chromosomes, one from each parent. Haploid (n): one set of chromosomes Diploid (2n): two sets of chromosomes n = number of chromosomes. Two major types of cells.

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Meiosis

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  1. Meiosis

  2. What do we need to know?(background information) • Homologous chromosomes: a pair of chromosomes, one from each parent. • Haploid (n): one set of chromosomes • Diploid (2n): two sets of chromosomes • n = number of chromosomes

  3. Two major types of cells • Somaticor body cells- (most of our cells) examples: skin, stomach, brain, liver, blood cells, etc. • Sex cells or germ cells (also called gametes) ex. Egg and sperm

  4. Within each somatic (body) cell are chromosomes • Sex Chromosomes: the X and Y that determine the gender of an organism. males- XY females- XX • Autosomes: all of the other chromosomes chromosomes 1-22

  5. What is Meiosis? • Meiosis makes germcells, eggs and sperm • Meiosis is a cell division process that reduces the number of chromosomes byhalf • There are two main stages of Meiosis.

  6. Meiosis I

  7. Crossing Over • During prophase of Meiosis I, the homologous chromosomes form tetrads, which may exchange genetic information. This increases genetic variability and is called crossing over.

  8. Independent Assortment of chromosomes • The chromosomes line up during metaphase I at random which leads to genetic variability. Inherited from mother (red) Inherited from father (blue)

  9. Meiosis II

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