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WORLD WAR I

WORLD WAR I. The Spark: Assassination of Archduke Ferdinand of Austria-Hungary. Allied Powers Belgium Serbia England Russia France Later Italy, and U.S. and Japan BSERF. Central Powers Bulgaria Ottoman Empire Germany Austria-Hungary BOGA. The Teams. The Coaches. Central Powers.

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WORLD WAR I

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  1. WORLD WAR I

  2. The Spark:Assassination of Archduke Ferdinand of Austria-Hungary

  3. Allied Powers Belgium Serbia England Russia France Later Italy, and U.S. and Japan BSERF Central Powers Bulgaria Ottoman Empire Germany Austria-Hungary BOGA The Teams

  4. The Coaches Central Powers Franz Joseph, A-H Wilhelm II, Germany Allied Powers Czar Nicholas II, Russia, George Clemenceau, FR David Lloyd George, GB Woodrow Wilson, US

  5. Playing Field

  6. Eastern Front Mostly in Russia, along the German/Russian border Type of fighting used = more mobile Problems – neither side able to achieve a complete victory Battle lines changed often (fluid) Western Front Mostly in France, along German/French Border Type of fighting used = Trench Warfare Problems = stalemate… Stalemate – deadlock, where neither side gains an advantage War of Attrition – no quick victory; each side tries to wear the other side down Playing Field

  7. German Plans to Attack France

  8. German Plans to Attack France

  9. 1st Play: Schieffen Plan • Schlieffen Plan – war plan for Germany, created by Alfred von Schlieffen • Plan to avoid a two front war • Attack France through neutral Belgium • Defeat the French in 6 weeks before Russia can mobilize • Turn and fight Russia • Problems: • Heavily fortified areas in Belgium • Strong resistance from France • Russia mobilized quicker • Britain attacked from the north

  10. 1st Game: Battle of the Marne • German’s advance into France • Pushed back by French at Marne • Stalemate and Trench Warfare begin • Ends Schlieffen Plan

  11. Which of the following correctly represents the Allied Powers • Austria-Hungary, Italy, Germany, • Serbia, Russia, France, Great Britain, Belgium • Bulgaria, Ottoman Empire, Germany, Austria-Hungary • Russia, France, Great Britain, Germany

  12. Which of the following describes the fighting on the western front? • Trench warfare, Stalemate • Mobile, Changing Battle lines • Fought primarily in Russia • Fought primarily in France • Both 1 and 4 • Both 2 and 3

  13. Which of the following describes the Schlieffen Plan and its failure? • France’s plan to defeat Germany quickly; Belgium mobilized to quickly • Germany’s plan to avoid a two front war; Russia mobilized too quickly • Austria-Hungary’s plan to attack Serbia; Russia mobilized too quickly

  14. Trench Warfare

  15. Diagram of the Trenches

  16. Trench System

  17. Do you think we have enough food and supplies to outlast them? Do you think we have enough food and supplies to outlast them? No-Mans land These lines haven't moved for a year! These lines haven't moved for a year! French soldiers firing over their own dead All Quiet on the Western Front – trench warfare (9:27)

  18. Bellwork • Explain the 4 phases of the Armenian Genocide • Explain which picture depicts that phase and why.

  19. Battle of Verdun German attack on French Longest battle of WWI = 300 days Total casualties – 700,000 No clear winner Stalemate

  20. Battle of Somme • British/French surprise attack against Germans • British losses 1st day – 60,000 men • Total Casualties – 1Million+ • No clear winner • Stalemate • Tank introduced

  21. 1st Game Eastern FrontBattle of Tannenberg • Russia vs. Germany/Austria-Hungry • Russian Advantages • Largest army (15:1 ratio Russian to German) • Not well trained • Lacked weapons • Russian Disadvantages • Least industrialized • Lack of Modern Technology • Who won? • GERMANS

  22. Hyundai Commercial • How does the commercial relate to the German and Russian forces? • Who portrays Germany? • Who portrays Russia?

  23. Battle of Gallipoli • Britain’s (Winston Churchill) Game Plan : • Open supply route to Russia • Capture Dardanelle Straight gaining access to Black Sea • Eliminate the Ottoman Empire from the war • Bulgaria and Ottoman Empire – promised land by A-H to defend Dardanelle’s at all cost • Allies fail

  24. Battle of Gallipoli

  25. Weapons Webquest • New inventions made WWI different then any other war that was previously fought • WWI introduced: • Submarines • Airplanes • Poison Gas • Machine Guns • Tanks • Your Task • Complete the Webquest located under my World History Files. Once Webquest is complete, describe the impact each weapon had on the war.

  26. Dogfights

  27. U-Boat

  28. Poison Gas

  29. Tanks

  30. Trenches

  31. America Enters WWI

  32. America Neutral? Not our war Businesses could sell to both sides Recent immigrants from both sides

  33. While watching the video • List 4 reasons why the US enters WWI.

  34. US Entry into WWI

  35. Reason for US Entry • Ties to GB-Common Language and culture • Propaganda • Sinking of the Lusitania • Unrestricted Submarine Warfare • Zimmerman Note

  36. Sinking of the Lusitania • German u-boat torpedoes British passenger ship off Irish coast-May 7th, 1915 • 1200 die, 124 Americans

  37. Unrestricted Submarine Warfare • German u-boats sink military, passenger, and merchant ships on sight • 4 US ships sunk between Jan-Mar 1917

  38. Zimmerman Note • Note from German Foreign Minister to German Ambassador in Mexico • Convince Mexico to go to war against US • Mexico to gain territory lost in Mex-Am War • Prevent U.S. from joining war in Europe • US declares war: April 2, 1917

  39. AmericaPrepares for War

  40. America At War American Expeditionary Forces “Dough Boys” http://www.firstworldwar.com/audio/overthere.htm

  41. Exit Slip • List two characteristics of the battles in WWI • Describe two reasons why the US entered the WWI.

  42. Pre-Revolutionary Russia • Nicholas II became Tsar in 1884 • Only true autocracy left in Europe • Believed he was the absolute ruler anointed by God • No type of representative political institutions for workers

  43. Imperial Family ruled for 300 years • Czar Nicolas was unprepared and foolish • He was influenced by his German born wife, Alexandra, and his concern for his 4 daughters and his son, Aleksei, who had hemophilia

  44. Aleksei: Alexandra’s Son with Hemophilia

  45. The Revolution of 1905 • Workers unhappy-had lost the Russo-Japanese War in 1904-Poverty • Workers were concentrated in St. Petersburg and Moscow • Help from the countryside: poor peasants • Duma-Legislative body-established-no real political power though

  46. Alexandra: The Power Behind the Throne • Alexandra was even more blindly committed to autocracy than her husband • Rasputin a monk with supposed psychic powers had influence over her • He seemingly cured Aleksei-hypnosis • Scandals surrounding Rasputin served to discredit the monarchy-womanizer, alcoholic, affair with Czarina • Video-Grigori Rasputin Biography

  47. The Collapse of the Imperial Government • Nicholas leaves for the Front—September, 1915 • Alexandra and Rasputin throw the government into chaos-inflation, food and fuel shortages • Rumors of an affair • Alexandra and other high government officials accused of treason

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