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Jamaal Lipscomb August 30, 2014

A Design Structure Matrix Approach to Designing Complex Systems, A National Airspace System Application. Jamaal Lipscomb August 30, 2014. Overview. Purpose Motivation Dependency Structure Matrix Categories Techniques Conceptual Model Component Based Example Why Clustering

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Jamaal Lipscomb August 30, 2014

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  1. A Design Structure Matrix Approach to Designing Complex Systems, A National Airspace System Application Jamaal Lipscomb August 30, 2014

  2. Overview • Purpose • Motivation • Dependency Structure Matrix • Categories • Techniques • Conceptual Model • Component Based Example • Why Clustering • Potential Application • Analysis Framework • Conclusion

  3. Purpose • Application of the Dependency Structure Matrix (DSM) for modeling the complex systems • Analysis of DSM application for improved and realistic transition strategy • Identification of interdependencies and redundancies between system elements • Decrease system design complexity and improve efficiency and cost during the design process

  4. Motivation • There is a need for improved system modeling techniques that can assist in the modernization of the systems • Identify system element interdependencies • Improve system performance • Reduce system development costs • Improve schedule performance

  5. Dependency Structure Matrix (DSM) • Can be used to: • Analyze and manage complex systems • Provide a method for the user to model, visualize, and analyze the dependencies among the entities of any system • Derive improvement for synthesis of a system • Display the relationship between components of a system in a compact, visual, and analytically advantageous form DSM provides a comprehensive system view of the project architecture and technology choices

  6. Categories • There are two main categories of DSMs: • Static • Represent system elements existing simultaneously, such as components of a product architecture or groups in an organization • Time-Based • Ordering of rows and columns represent a flow through time: upstream activities in a process precede downstream activities, and terms like “feedforward” and “feedback” become meaningful when referring to interfaces

  7. Techniques The DSM developed as part of this study will be analyzed using the clustering technique. This is a valuable technique for examining the structure of a system.

  8. Design Structure Matrices (DSMs) Static Time-Based Component-based DSM People-based DSM Activity-based DSM Parameter-based DSM Conceptual Model

  9. Component-Based DSM Example Source: DSMweb.org

  10. Why Clustering • Grouping nodes with high interaction into clusters, interfaces between clusters can be easily identified and allowed for the identification of interactions • Using cost assignment of interactions aid in optimization of the cluster assignment of components • Management and optimization of the interfaces between the clustered components minimizes complexity and cost

  11. Clustering DSM Source: DSMweb.org

  12. Potential Application • National Airspace System (NAS): • The NAS is a collection of: • Automation Systems • Communication Systems • Surveillance Systems • Weather Systems • Navigation Systems

  13. NAS Operational Components • National Airspace System (NAS) • These systems are organized around three types of facilities: • Airport Towers • Monitor aircraft on the ground and give take-off and landing clearances • Terminal Radar Approach Control (TRACON) facilities • Handle aircraft ascending and descending to and from airports • En Route Centers • Handle aircraft flying between airports at the higher altitudes

  14. NAS System Architecture

  15. Analysis Framework Since the clustering algorithm randomly selects elements, several runs will be completed under similar conditions so that the data can be analyzed Data from each of the runs will be compared to identify like clusters • Case Studies • Terminal Automations Systems include • Flight Data Systems • Weather Data Systems • Surface Movement Systems The improvements made by Ronnie Thebeau to the clustering algorithm allows for the analysis of the NAS DSM because it provides an adequate answer for developing a system architecture

  16. Conclusion • As advances in technology are made current systems are becoming more complex, resulting in: • Redundancy • Complex Interdependencies/interoperability • Higher Cost • Schedule Slips • DSM addresses these challenges by • Identifying system redundancies and interdependencies • Reducing/eliminating functionality overlap • Optimizing system development

  17. Contact Information Jamaal Lipscomb (202) 385-8716 Jamaal.Lipscomb@gmail.com Thomas Holzer, D. SC. holzerT@gwu.edu Shahryar Sarkani, D. Sc. emseor2003@yahoo.com Timothy Eveleigh, D. Sc eveleigh@gwu.edu

  18. References continued • Conkey, Christopher and Paszter, Andy., “Tech Snafu Grounds Nation’s Fliers,” The Wall Street Journal, November 20, 2009. • Yassine, Ali A., “An Introduction to Modeling and Analyzing Complex Product Development Processes Using the Design Structure Matrix (DSM) Method”. Product development research laboratory, University of Illinois, (2004). pp. 1-17 • Browning, T. “Applying the Design Structure Matrix to System Decomposition and Integration problems: A Review and New Directions”. IEEE Transactions on Engineering management, Vol. 48, No3. August 2001. Pp. 292-300 • Fernandez, CIG, (1998) “Integration Analysis of Product Architecture to Support Effective Team Co-location”, Master’s Thesis (ME), Massachusetts Institute of Technology • J. Bartolomei, M. Cokus, J. Dahlgren, R. de Neufville, D. Maldonado and J. Wilds., “Analysis and application of design structure matrix, domain mapping matrix, and engineering system matrix frameworks,” Working Paper. MIT. Engineering Systems Division 2007 • Browning, T.R., (2002). “Using the Design Structure Matrix (DSM) for Process Integration”. Lockheed Martin Aeronautics Company, Fort Worth, TX. • Thebeau, Ronnie E., (2001). “Knowledge Management of System Interfaces and Interactions for Product Development Processes”. Massachusetts Institute of Technology

  19. References • Cone, Edward. (2002). “The ugly history of Tool Development at the FAA”. Baseline • Dong, Qi. (Jan. 1999). “Representing Information Flow and Knowledge Management in Product Design Using the Design Structure Matrix” SM Thesis. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. • Pimmler, Thomas U. and Eppinger, Stephen D., (May 1994). “Integration Analysis of Product decomposition” Working Paper. Alfred P. Sloan School of Management, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, WP#3690-94-MS

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