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Public Broadcasting History

Public Broadcasting History. Began as Educational Television (ETV) FCC’s Sixth Report and Order ended the freeze in 1952 and provided for 242 ETV channels (more were added later) Search for identity began 1959: NET

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Public Broadcasting History

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  1. Public Broadcasting History • Began as Educational Television (ETV) • FCC’s Sixth Report and Order ended the freeze in 1952 and provided for 242 ETV channels (more were added later) • Search for identity began • 1959: NET • 1967: it was proposed Congress establish a national “corporation for public television”

  2. Public TV Becomes Law • 1967 LBJ signs Public Broadcasting Act • CPB is established: a quasi-governmental organization whose key role is to funnel money into projects supportive of the nation’s public broadcasters

  3. Role of CPB • Does not have long-term funding (has to go back to Congress each year) • May not own or operate station itself so local stations retain autonomy • Established Public Broadcasting Service as a sort of “national network” • Divvies up money between PBS and local stations

  4. www.cpb.org FAQ: difference between CPB and PBS

  5. Public TV Funding (US) • Membership: 22% • State Legislature: 17% (usually part of the education budget) • CPB: 15% (Congress) Last year: $8 million to FL, $379,000 to WMFE • Corporations: 15% • Local Govt.: 15% (WMFE now gets $0)

  6. On the Radio Side • National Public Radio • Public Radio International • Local public radio affiliates

  7. Public TV & Radio Programming • Local stations (WGBH, WETA, WQED) • Overseas (BBC) • Locals may air live commission meetings in addition to public affairs programming

  8. Types of Programs • News: longer format, less visually-oriented • History: documentaries (Ken Burns, etc.) • Performing Arts: Boston Pops, Austin City Limits • Science and Nature: NOVA • Instruction: This Old House, Victory Garden • Children: Education

  9. www.pbs.org Links to all local member stations

  10. Public TV Controversy • 1995: Gingrich wants to cut all funding • July, ‘99: Bill proposes a big CPB spending increase for digital enhancements • Late July ‘99: Angry Congressional Hearings • Sept. ‘99: Survey says 9% of PBS stations us political mailing lists for fundraising

  11. Public TV Controversy • Late ‘99: Head of PBS resigns • 2000: Kids channel launch (cable) • Pat Mitchell becomes new president of PBS • Summer 2000: big scheduling change announced • Fall 2000: changes take place… WMFE is involved in the experiment

  12. www.current.org Online magazine about current public broadcasting issues and affairs

  13. Non-Commercial Cable • C-SPAN • Cable in the Classroom (A&E, History Channel) • Local public access (SGTV, Orange TV, Ocoee TV)

  14. Non-commercial DBS • Must reserve 4-7% of channel capacity (challenged in court but upheld: implementation began in 1997) • C-span • WorldLink

  15. Non-commercial Internet • Not regulated • Many non-profits • Online learning • DONATIONS… unprecedented donations collected since Sept. 11

  16. Group Activity 2Due Tuesday, Oct. 23 • Each member should listen to a different program of your choice on a local public radio station • Go to your group discussion area and write a few sentences about what you heard • Include some pros and cons about the program

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