1 / 22

Microscopes

Microscopes. A guide to use, general Maintenance, and repair tailored to the Olympus CX-21 microscope. Topics . Principles of Operation Diagrams Applications History Safety Operation Preventive Maintenance Common Failure Modes Basic Troubleshooting. Principles of Operation .

ayasha
Télécharger la présentation

Microscopes

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Microscopes A guide to use, general Maintenance, and repair tailored to the Olympus CX-21 microscope

  2. Topics • Principles of Operation • Diagrams • Applications • History • Safety • Operation • Preventive Maintenance • Common Failure Modes • Basic Troubleshooting

  3. Principles of Operation • Compound optical microscopes use a light source and a series of lenses and to produce a magnified image of a specimen • The light gathering/ focusing capacity of a lens is primarily determined by its surface curvature http://www.education.com/study-help/article/physics-help-compound-microscope/

  4. Principles of Operation • Eyepiece • Focus light onto eyes • 10x magnification • Objective • Collect light from the sample and magnify image • Labeled with magnification (i.e. 4x/10x) and numerical aperture (i.e. 0.10/0.25) • Mechanical Stage • Moves the specimen in the x and y directions on the stage

  5. Principles of Operation • Condenser • Collects light from light sources and focuses it on the specimen • Aperture Iris Diaphragm • Controls the amount of light that reaches the specimen • Coarse and Fine Adjustment Knobs • Move stage up and down to bring specimen into focus

  6. Principles of Operation

  7. Diagrams

  8. Applications • To view objects that are not visible to the naked eye • For cell counting • Used to view cells and diagnose disease: • Malaria • Roundworms • Tuberculosis • Dysentery • Cryptosporidium • Giardia Ring-form trophozoites of P. falciparum in a thick blood smear http://dpd.cdc.gov/dpdx/HTML/Malaria.htm

  9. History • 2nd Century BC: Ptolemy describes a stick that appears to bend in water • 1st Century: Romans experiment with glass and observe objects appear larger when viewed through glass • 12th Century: SalvinoD’Armantemakes first eye glasses • 1590: Dutch spectacle makers mount two lenses in a tube to create first compound microscope • 1609: Galileo Galilee develops compound microscope with concave and convex lens • 1665: Robert Hooke’s book Micrographiadocuments observations through the microscope • 1674: van Leeuwenhoek achieves greater magnification allowing observation of bacteria http://www.history-of-the-microscope.org/microscope-history-timeline-design-development-inventions.php

  10. Safety • Biological contamination: Gloves • Wear PPE • Treat all blood and bodily fluids as if they are contaminated • Before using, read the owner's manual • Grounded electrical connection • Location & Storage • Do not use under vibration • Do not store in high humidity • Do not store in dusty areas • Keep clean • Avoid intense temperatures

  11. Operation • Place specimen on stage in bow-shaped lever • Choose objective • Always start with lowest magnification • Adjust aperture iris diaphragm to correspond to objective • Turn on light source • Bring image into focus with adjustment knobs • Adjust stage and light intensity as needed

  12. Operation Working Distance

  13. Operation Using the 100x immersion objective • Before engaging immersion objective (100x), place a drop of oil onto the specimen. • Engage the immersion objective • Make sure oil is free of bubbles • Use ONLY the fine adjustment knob to bring the specimen into focus • After use, remove oil from objective front lens by wiping with lens paper moistened with lens cleaner

  14. Preventive Maintenance • Daily Preventive Maintenance • Clean • Objective (after using immersion oil) • Body of microscope • Yearly Preventive Maintenance • Microscope frame • Check observation tube: • Optical axis • Left/right axis • Revolving axis • Parfocality • Resolution • As needed • Grease replacement parts

  15. Preventive Maintenance Inspection sheet can help serve as a troubleshooting checklist

  16. Common Modes of Failure • Electrical/Power Failure • Light does not turn on when power switch is turned on • Light bulb burned out • Objective not placed in alignment • Dirty components • Eyepiece • Objectives • Filters • Fungus growth due to high humidity • General User Error • Not in focus • Brightness not adjusted properly • Objective not rotated fully into secured position

  17. Troubleshooting • Electrical Unit • If lamp does not turn on when power switch is turned on, there is a problem with the electrical unit, unless…

  18. Troubleshooting • Electrical Unit • If light bulb is not the issue, check that microscope is plugged in and outlet has power (use another device you know to be working to validate this) • Verify the cord shows no obvious damage • Verify that the fuse is intact

  19. Troubleshooting • If the previous steps do not reveal the cause of failure • The problem is most likely the circuit board itself • Replacing individual components is not feasible, entire board needs replaced • If an identical microscope exists that is not usable for another reason, harvesting its circuit board is an option. See the manual for instructions on removing the circuit board

  20. Troubleshooting • Coarse/Fine adjustment knobs do not turn smoothly • Knobs need to be greased

  21. Troubleshooting • Stage falls down spontaneously or an in-focus image quickly moves out of focus • Cause: tension on coarse adjustment knob is too loose, needs to be adjusted

  22. Troubleshooting: Stage Movement • If the stage does not move smoothly in the x or y directions, the tension of the x/y wires must be adjusted

More Related