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A survey on Customs performance measures in the Caribbean

A survey on Customs performance measures in the Caribbean Mr. Andrea Bolognesi, Mr. Fabian Joseph, Mr. Bertrand Laporte, Mr. Jaime Mendoza. 12-13 June 2014, Clermont Ferrand. Presented by Andrea Bolognesi PhD student in Social and Economic Sciences, CERDI

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A survey on Customs performance measures in the Caribbean

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  1. A survey on Customs performance measures in the Caribbean Mr. Andrea Bolognesi, Mr. Fabian Joseph, Mr. Bertrand Laporte, Mr. Jaime Mendoza 12-13 June 2014, Clermont Ferrand Presented by Andrea Bolognesi PhDstudent in Social and Economic Sciences, CERDI andrea.bolognesi@etu.udamail.fr 12-13 June, Clermont Ferrand

  2. Economic profiles of Caribbean countries • The economies of the Caribbeansharessomecharacteristics and threatsthat are usuallyassociatedwithsmalleconomies. • In 2011, the total trade in goods and services represented over 60% of GDP in all Caribbean states. 12-13 June, Clermont Ferrand

  3. Performance indicatorsresults • OECD Trade Facilitation Indicators • World Bank’s “Doing Business” Report • The Customs Assessment Trade Toolkit (CATT) 12-13 June, Clermont Ferrand

  4. OECD TFIsCaribbean / Latin America 12-13 June, Clermont Ferrand

  5. OECD TFI Caribbean / Latin America 12-13 June, Clermont Ferrand

  6. Ease of Doing Business and TradingAcrossBorders 12-13 June, Clermont Ferrand

  7. Time to import and export in days for world areas 12-13 June, Clermont Ferrand

  8. Time to import for the Caribbean and Latin America. 12-13 June, Clermont Ferrand

  9. Good practices surveyed in Doing Business 2014 12-13 June, Clermont Ferrand

  10. The CATT Evaluation of St. Lucia and Barbados in 2011 12-13 June, Clermont Ferrand

  11. The CATT Results on Clearance time 12-13 June, Clermont Ferrand

  12. Comparingmethodologies the CATT and DB 12-13 June, Clermont Ferrand

  13. Comparingmethodologies and results (1/2) • The Doing Business TradingAcrossBordersfocuses on trade facilitation and, in particular, on time and costs. • The OECD TFIs and the CATT focus on trade facilitation but alsocover the transparency of Customs administration. • Bothmethodologies are consistent in affirmingthat Customs in the Caribbeanregioncouldbenefitfrom an increased engagement in reformsaimedat the implementation of best practices to reduce corruption and disseminate information. 12-13 June, Clermont Ferrand

  14. Comparingmethodologies and results (2/2) • According to both OECD TFIs and DB TAB, the Caribbeanregionperformsbetterthan Latin America in terms of simplification and harmonization of trade documents. • The Caribbeanregionperformswell in streamlining of procedures, as indicated by OECD TFIsFormalities – Procedures. • Finally in relation to predictability, both Latin America and the Caribbeanperformpoorlyaccording to both the CATT (Process Orientation) and OECD TFIs (AdvanceRulings and Information Availability). 12-13 June, Clermont Ferrand

  15. Customs reforms in the Caribbean: Grenada (1/2) • The Administration's IT strategyplayed a criticalrole in the modernizationprocess. • Today, traders are able to access the system 24/7 and thisfacilitates the access of traders to Customs fromany location. • The system’sability to interface withGrenada’s Port Authority has allowed real time data exchange. • A main web portal wasrealized to disseminate information on a timely basis. 12-13 June, Clermont Ferrand

  16. Customs reforms in the Caribbean: Grenada (2/2) 12-13 June, Clermont Ferrand

  17. Customs reforms in the Caribbean: Trinidad and Tobago • Customs embarked on a reform and modernization programme and embraced information technology as one of itsstrategictools for the attainment of its goals. • The system has over 1,250 end-usersaccessing the system nation-wide 24/7 with a dailyaverage of 1,000 declarationselectronicallysubmitted. • The Government of Trinidad and Tobago has alsoembarked in setting up a single window system thatwillbring automation and connectivity to othertrade-relatedgovernmentagenciesthatregulate the importation and exportation of goods. 12-13 June, Clermont Ferrand

  18. Conclusions (1/2) • Eachmethodologypresented in thissurveyoffers a different perspective bringing up valuablerecommendations to highpriority areas wherereform initiatives and corrective measures are mostrequired. • The macro viewprovided by DB TAB allows a quick assessment over trade facilitation and Customs efficiencythatcouldlead to a thoroughreviewfostering new reform programs. • Tools such as the CATT willprovide more refined and accurateresultstargetingspecific areas where corrective measures are needed. 12-13 June, Clermont Ferrand

  19. Conclusions (2/2) • ICT plays a substantialrole in Customs reforms • in conveying information to decisionsmakers, whoseresults are objective and measurable, and • in enforcing good practices. • However, sophisticated computer applications are not enough to transform organisations. • Besides the proven positive aspects performance measurementtoolsbring to organizations, nothing replaces the need for a management or executive team capable of applying the concepts behind the methodologies. 12-13 June, Clermont Ferrand

  20. 12-13 June, Clermont Ferrand

  21. OECD Trade Facilitation Indicators • The OECD developed a set of Trade Facilitation Indicators (TFIs) in order to assistgovernments in reducingtradecosts and obtaininggreaterbenefitsfrom international trade. 12-13 June, Clermont Ferrand

  22. World Bank’s “Doing Business” Report • The World Bank evaluates the Ease of Doing Business for around 180 economies (189 in 2014), by measuringregulations and reforms and gaugingtheir business favourableness. • The Ease of Doing Business ranking on business regulationconsists of tenindicators, amongwhich the TradingAcrossBorders. • The methodologyunderlyingthisindicatorisbased on answers to a detailed questionnaire completed by tradefacilitatorsatfreight-forwardingcompanies, follow-upconference calls with all respondents and furthersurveyswith port authorities and customs officials. 12-13 June, Clermont Ferrand

  23. The Customs Assessment Trade Toolkit (CATT) • The Customs Assessment Trade Toolkit (CATT) is an integratedtool for measuring Customs performance across countries and over time. • The toolconsiders 120 highlevelindicators over 7 dimensions. • The CATT indicators have been selected in order to beobjectivelymeasuredand verified in a Customs office and weredefined in a wide range of areas. 12-13 June, Clermont Ferrand

  24. OECD TFI – Trinidad and Tobago 12-13 June, Clermont Ferrand

  25. OECD TFI – Barbados 12-13 June, Clermont Ferrand

  26. Distance to Frontier for 2005 and 2013 12-13 June, Clermont Ferrand

  27. Conclusions • It isevidentthatduring the pastyearsCaribbean Customs Administrations have been exposed to performance measurementtools. • However, the improvementsshown on rankings and scores are not yetpicturing a favourable and optimum performance. • Despitethis, benefits and positive impacts have been appreciatedsoonafterreform or modernisation projects, especiallythosewith a high ICT component. 12-13 June, Clermont Ferrand

  28. Conclusions • In most cases, rankingcouldreveal not to besignificant for evaluating the performance of administrations, as a givenrankisinevitablyaffected by performances of other administrations no matterits real scores. • Nevertheless, itcanbe relevant if it relates to the evolution of administrations over time, ratherthan on a particular moment in time. 12-13 June, Clermont Ferrand

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