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GEOSS Americas/Caribbean Remote Sensing Workshop – Transforming Data into Products

Review of Remote Sensing Fundaments IV Infrared at High Spectral Resolution – Basic Principal & Limitations Allen Huang Cooperative Institute for Meteorological Satellite Studies Space Science & Engineering Center University of Wisconsin-Madison, USA. Materials provided by

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GEOSS Americas/Caribbean Remote Sensing Workshop – Transforming Data into Products

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  1. Review of Remote Sensing Fundaments IVInfrared at High Spectral Resolution – Basic Principal & LimitationsAllen HuangCooperative Institute for Meteorological Satellite StudiesSpace Science & Engineering CenterUniversity of Wisconsin-Madison, USA Materials provided by Elisabeth Weisz, Paul Menzel, Paolo Antonalli, Jun Li, Mat Gunshor and Tim Schmit GEOSS Americas/Caribbean Remote Sensing Workshop – Transforming Data into Products 26-30 November 2007 CPTEC/INPE Cachoeira Paulista - São Paulo

  2. The road to improved IR sounding using hyperspectral measurements (~1600) ??? (geo operational) (~4000) GIFTS(geo experimental) (~1600) CrIS (leo operational) (~8600) IASI (leo operational) (~2400) AIRS (leo pseudo-operational) (~8000) NAST-I (airborne experimental) (~6000) IMG (leo experimental) (18) GOES Sounder(geo operational) HIS (airborne experimental) (12) VAS(geo experimental) (# of spectral bands) VTPR, HIRS (leo operational) IRIS (leo experimental) time

  3. AIRS 2378 IASI 8461 HIRS 19 CrIS 1400

  4. AIRS IR Specification Infrared Spectral Coverage: 3.74 m - 4.61 m [2674 – 2170 cm-1] 6.20 m – 8.22 m [1613 – 1217 cm-1] 8.80 m – 15.4 m [1136 – 649 cm-1] Spectral Resolution: /=1200 Spatial Coverage: 49.5 around nadir 1.1 (~13.5 km dia) IFOV (Instantaneous Field of View) Sensitivity (NEDT): 0.14 K at 4.2 m 0.20 K from 3.7 to 13.6 m 0.35 K from 13.6 to 15.4 m Power / Mass: 256 W / 166 kg Lifetime: 5 years

  5. AIRS Spatial Coverage (1) http://www-airs.jpl.nasa.gov/ Swath: 1650 km IFOV: 1.1°  13.5 km

  6. AIRS Spatial Coverage (3)

  7. AIRS Spectral Coverage • IR sounder: 2378 channels • spectral ranges: 3.7 - 4.61 m, 6.2 - 8.22 m , 8.8 - 15.4 m;

  8. AIRS (Atmospheric Infrared Sounder)& MODIS

  9. IASI Scan Characteristics EVOF consists of 2x2 matrix of IFOV 30 EFOV per scan line IFOV size at nadir: 12 km IFOV at edge across/along track: 39/20 km Swath:  48.333 deg Swath width:  1100 km Mean Altitude approx 817 km

  10. Band 1 Band 2 Band 3 IASI Spectral Characteristics

  11. Various Infrared spectral resolutions Standard Atmosphere: 0.2 cm-1 (IASI & NAST-I-like) 0.6 cm-1 (AIRS & CrIS-like) 1.2 cm-1 (CrIS-like) 4.8 cm-1 19.2 cm-1 (current sounder-like) 38.4 cm-1 (imager-like) Jun Li, Mat Gunshor and Tim Schmit

  12. Longwave window region

  13. Longwave window region

  14. Longwave window region

  15. Longwave window region

  16. Longwave window region

  17. Longwave window region

  18. Longwave window region

  19. Water vapor region

  20. Water vapor region

  21. Water vapor region

  22. Water vapor region

  23. Water vapor region

  24. Water vapor region

  25. Water vapor region

  26. 100 100 Advanced Sounder (3074) GOES (18) Pressure (hPa) Pressure (hPa) 1000 1000 Moisture Weighting Functions High spectral resolution advanced sounder will have more and sharper weighting functions compared to current GOES sounder. Retrievals will have better vertical resolution. UW/CIMSS

  27. Ultraspectral Infrared Measurement Characteristics - continue GIFTS Vert-Res.: 1-2 Km GOES Vert-Res.: 3-5 Km Temperature Sounding Current - GOES GIFTS ~3 Pieces 10-12 Pieces Much Enhanced Measurement Information Contents

  28. Hyperspectral Infrared Measurement Characteristics GIFTS Vert-Res.: 2-4 Km GOES Vert-Res.: 6-8 Km Water Vapor Sounding AIRS/IASI/GIFTS Current - GOES ~2 Pieces 8-9 Pieces Much Enhanced Measurement Information Contents

  29. Hyperspectral Infrared Measurement Characteristics Filter Radiometer Hyperspectral Radiosonde Water Vapor Sounding Measurement Vertical Resolution Information Content

  30. Various Infrared Spectral Absorption Features

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