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Voet & Voet, Biochemistry

Intracellular Pathogens. Extracellular Pathogens. Voet & Voet, Biochemistry. Antibody - Antigen Cytotoxic T-cell receptor - MHC class I protein/peptide complex Helper T-cell receptor - MHC class II protein/peptide complex.

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Voet & Voet, Biochemistry

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  1. Intracellular Pathogens Extracellular Pathogens Voet & Voet, Biochemistry

  2. Antibody - Antigen Cytotoxic T-cell receptor - MHC class I protein/peptide complex Helper T-cell receptor - MHC class II protein/peptide complex Acquired immunity depends on many specific protein-protein interactions Part 1: Antigen Specific

  3. Voet & Voet, Biochemistry

  4. Acquired immunity depends on non-specific protein-peptide interactions • MHC class II - peptides generated in the endosome/lysosome (antigens of extracellular origin) recognized by helper T cells • MHC class I - peptides generated in the cytoplasm (antigens of intracellular origin) recognized by cytotoxic T cells

  5. Antigen Processing and Presentation to Helper T-cell Antigen Internalization e.g., via IgG receptor Endosome/Lysosome

  6. Peptides bind to MHC Class II molecules in a common polyproline II conformation Jardetzky et al., PNAS 93: 734-738 (1996)

  7. Surface area ~ 2x750 Å2 > 50% hydrophobic 1-2 H-bonds Epitope discontinuous in antigen (Ag) sequence Surface area ~ 2x1000 Å2 Ag peptide contributes only 40% of surface area Epitope continuous in Ag sequence Otherwise similar to Ab - Ag recognition Antigen Recognition by Antibodies (Ab) and T-cell Receptors (TCR) Ab - Ag TCR – MHC/peptide

  8. Peptides of intracellular origin Peptides 9-10 residues long Deep pockets bind peptide sidechains Deep pockets bind peptide N- and C-termini Peptides of extracellular origin Peptides 15 residues or longer Shallow pockets bind peptide sidechains Peptide termini free H-bonds to peptide backbone Peptide Binding by Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) Antigen-presenting Proteins MHC I MHC II

  9. Acquired immunity depends on many specific protein-peptide interactions Part 2: Transport/Immunoregulatory (a few examples) • IgG receptor - IgG • MHC class II protein - CD4 • MHC class I protein - CD8 • IL-2 - CD25 • TNF - TNF receptor

  10. The efficiency of antigen processing may control the T-cell cytokine profile for a given epitope by the size of its “immunological synapse” Grakoui et al., Science 285: 221-227 (1999)

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