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Chemical Bonding: PART 2 – COVALENT

Chemical Bonding: PART 2 – COVALENT. You know you LOVE notes because they help you learn! . s. Chemical. Bond. 8. Chemical bonding is the way atoms are attracted to each other to form compounds. Bonding Basics.

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Chemical Bonding: PART 2 – COVALENT

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  1. Chemical Bonding: PART 2 – COVALENT You know you LOVE notes because they help you learn! 

  2. s Chemical Bond 8 Chemical bonding is the way atoms are attracted to each other to form compounds.

  3. Bonding Basics • All atoms want to have a FULL outer energy level – just like the Noble Gases – because this means stability! • Atoms want 8 valence electrons (except H & He who want 2 because 2 electrons mean FULL)

  4. Cl

  5. Cl Cl

  6. Cl Cl

  7. Cl Cl

  8. Cl Cl

  9. Cl Cl octet

  10. Cl Cl octet

  11. SHARED ELECTRONS Cl Cl octet octet

  12. Covalent Bonds • 1.Covalent Bonds are formed when atoms SHARE one or more electrons to complete their outer shell Cl Cl octet octet

  13. Covalent Bonds • Non-metal + Non-metal (gay marriage) • “Co” = sharing • ”valent” = valence electrons Cl Cl octet octet

  14. Molecules • Fundamental unit of covalent compounds • Any group of atoms held together by covalent bonds

  15. Single Bonds One bonding PAIR Cl Cl

  16. Single Bonds One bonding PAIR Abbreviated with a dash Cl Cl Cl Cl

  17. Single Bonds One bonding PAIR Abbreviated with a dash This is a chlorine molecule Cl2 Cl Cl

  18. ****Remember*** The straight line represent TWO electrons, one from each atom

  19. Double Bonds O2 Ex. Molecular Oxygen

  20. O O Double Bonds How will two oxygen atoms bond?

  21. O O Double Bonds Each atom has two unpaired electrons

  22. O O Double Bonds

  23. O O Double Bonds

  24. O O Double Bonds • Both atoms of Oxygen want to gain two electrons

  25. O O Double Bonds

  26. O O Double Bonds

  27. O O Double Bonds

  28. O O Double Bonds

  29. Double Bonds O O • Both electron pairs are shared

  30. Double Bonds O O 6 valence electrons plus 2 shared electrons = full octet

  31. Double Bonds O O 6 valence electrons plus 2 shared electrons = full octet

  32. Double Bonds O O • two bonding pairs, making a doublebond

  33. O O O O = Double Bonds • For convenience, the double bond • can be shown as two dashes.

  34. Double Bonds Two bonding PAIRS O O

  35. Double Bonds Two bonding PAIRS Abbreviated with 2 dashes O O O O

  36. Double Bonds Two bonding PAIRS Abbreviated with 2 dashes This is a Oxygen molecule O2 O O

  37. this is so cool!! O O = Double Bonds This is the oxygen molecule, O2

  38. GROUP PRACTICE!

  39. What type of bond? 1. F and F? A = covalent bond 2. F and H? A = covalent bond 3. Na and F? A = ionic bond

  40. What type of bond? 4. O and H? A = covalent bond 5. Mg and I? A = ionic bond 6. C and C? A = covalent bond

  41. Practice Building Covalent Bonds 1. H + H H2 H H H H H H + - SINGLE COVALENT BOND

  42. Practice Building Covalent Bonds 2. How does Carbon bond with Hydrogen? H C H H H

  43. Practice Building Covalent Bonds 2. How does Carbon bond with Hydrogen? H C + H CH4 C H H 4 single covalent bonds H

  44. Practice Building Covalent Bonds 2. How does Nitrogen bond with Nitrogen? N N N N + N N - - TRIPLE COVALENT BOND -

  45. Practice Building Covalent Bonds 2. How does Nitrogen bond with Nitrogen? N + N N2

  46. Enjoy your Day!

  47. And Remember:

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