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Chapter 12. Illegal Drugs. Quotes About Character. “The reputation of a thousand years may be determined by the conduct of one hour.” —Japanese Proverb. ANSWERS FALSE—most people try drugs for various reasons such as peer pressure despite the fact that they are dangerous.
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Chapter 12 Illegal Drugs
Quotes About Character “The reputation of a thousand years may be determined by the conduct of one hour.” —Japanese Proverb
ANSWERS • FALSE—most people try drugs for various reasons such as peer pressure despite the fact that they are dangerous. • FALSE—marijuana use could result in psychological addiction and can lead to physical dependence & addiction. • FALSE—while stimulants increase energy, they can also cause restlessness, hyperactivity, and anxiety. • FALSE—anabolic steroids can cause shrinking of testicles, growth of breasts, baldness and infertility. • FALSE—medicinal barbiturates are given under physician supervision, however they are still dangerous and addictive. • TRUE • FALSE—damage to the brain due to drug use is usually permanent.
Chapter 12 Illegal Drugs Contents • Section 1Drugs of Abuse • Section 2Commonly Abused Drugs • Section 3Other Drugs of Abuse • Section 4A Drug-Free Life
Chapter 12 Section 1 Drugs of Abuse
Section1 Drugs of Abuse Chapter 12 Vocabulary: • DRUG ABUSE:improper or unsafe use of a drug. • DRUGS OF ABUSE:drugs used for recreational purposes (no medical benefit)
Chapter 12 Section1 Drugs of Abuse What the law says: • Many drugs of abuse are illegal. • Possessing, using, buying, or selling these drugs is illegal. • Some drugs of abuse are legal products, but can be used illegally…examples: • Possession without a Rx • possessing too much • Abusing, buying or selling
Section1 Drugs of Abuse Chapter 12 Dangers of using illegal drugs: • overdose • addiction • infectious diseases from needles • lose the ability to make responsible decisions about other risky behavior (sexual situations, fights, etc.) • permanent effects on the brain and the body
Section1 Drugs of Abuse Chapter 12 Why Do People Begin Using Drugs? • experimentation • peer pressure • escape boredom or depression • enjoyment of risk-taking behavior • belief that drugs solve personal, social, or medical problems • glamorization of drugs by the media
Section1 Drugs of Abuse Chapter 12 Teens and Illegal Drug Use: • Drug abuse can permanently change brain function. • Because teens’ brains are still developing, they may have a higher risk of addiction to drugs than adults do. • Altering brain development with drug use can lead to a life-long struggle to overcome addiction.
Chapter 12 Section 2 Commonly Abused Drugs
Section2 Commonly Abused Drugs Chapter 12 • All illegal drugs have three things in common: • Affects normal brain function (sometimes permanently). • Dangerous to your health. • Can result in drug dependence and addiction.
Section2 Commonly Abused Drugs Chapter 12 Marijuana • The active chemical in marijuana is tetrahydrocannabinol (THC). • Users build up tolerance, so they need to use more and more to get the desired effect. • This can lead to physical dependence. • With heavier use, more harmful chemicals enter the body.
Section2 Commonly Abused Drugs Chapter 12 Marijuana (short-term effects) • Slowed thinking ability • Difficulty paying attention • Distorted sense of time and distance • Giddiness • Loss of short-term memory • Loss of balance and coordination • Increased appetite • Anxiety • Panic attacks
Section2 Commonly Abused Drugs Chapter 12 Marijuana (long-term effects) • Marijuana contains ~5X more carcinogens than cigarettes (1 mj = 5 tobacco cigarettes) • …so regular use has many of the same negative health effects as smoking cigarettes • Marijuana use is also dangerous when driving (the loss of attention and coordination is just as dangerous as driving drunk). • Hashish has the same effects as marijuana, but stronger.
Section2 Commonly Abused Drugs Chapter 12 Inhalants • Inhalants are drugs that are inhaled as vapors. • Commonly abused inhalants include paint thinner, glue, gasoline, marker fluid, propane, butane, and nitrous oxide. • Because inhalants are often common products, they can be easy to get and inexpensive. • Inhalants are a common gateway drug for teens.
Section2 Commonly Abused Drugs Chapter 12 Inhalants (long-term effects) • damages many organs • kills brain cells • can cause sudden death • heart failure • brain seizures
Section2 Commonly Abused Drugs Chapter 12 Club (Designer) Drugs: • designed to resemble other illegal drugs in chemical structure and effect • common club drugs are: • Ecstasy • GHB • Ketamine • PCP
Section2 Commonly Abused Drugs Chapter 12 Anabolic Steroids: • Synthetic versions of the male hormone testosterone • Used to promote muscle development & decrease body fat (female users) • Has few legitimate medical uses • Most people take anabolic steroids illegally and without guidance from a doctor • Unlike most drugs of abuse, steroids have no immediate psychoactive effect. Their primary effects are on the body.
Section2 Commonly Abused Drugs Chapter 12 Anabolic Steroids (physical “benefits”/why people take them) • Rapid increase in: • Strength • Power • Speed • Decreased body fat (many female athletes use for this reason) • Tony Mandarich - ESPN Interview 2009
Section2 Commonly Abused Drugs Chapter 12 Anabolic Steroids (why people begin using) • Belief that natural talent and hard work is good enough. • Peer pressure / competition for starting positions and scholarship opportunities • Laziness (don’t have to work as hard for gains / improvements)
Section2 Commonly Abused Drugs Chapter 12 Anabolic Steroids (SAFER alternatives) • Maximize your workouts • Eat a great diet, including safe supplements • Get plenty of sleep • Building healthy self-esteem can help people resist these pressures.
Chapter 12 Section 3 Other Drugs of Abuse
Section3 Other Drugs of Abuse Chapter 12 Other Types of Abused Drugs • Stimulants: speeds up Central Nervous System (CNS) activity, heart rate, etc. • Depressants: slows down CNS activity (slows breathing & heart rate, relaxation, etc) • Opiates: pain relievers, anesthetics, sedatives (highly addictive drugs derived from the poppy plant or made in a lab) • Hallucinogens: distort perceptions and cause a person to see or hear things that are not real.
Section3 Other Drugs of Abuse Chapter 12 Stimulants • Caffeineandnicotine: • mild • legal • addictive • Amphetamines: • produced in laboratories. • highly addictive. • can cause severe damage to the body and brain.
Section3 Other Drugs of Abuse Chapter 12 Stimulants • Cocaine and crack cocaine: • stimulants derived from the coca plant • highly addictive • overdose of these drugs can be very dangerous.
Section3 Other Drugs of Abuse Chapter 12 Depressants • Depressants have effects similar to the effects of alcohol. They are highly addictive when abused. • Using depressants in combination with alcohol increases the effects. • Overdose may cause brain damage, coma, or death.
Section3 Other Drugs of Abuse Chapter 12 Depressants • Rohypnol: • a hypnotic widely used as a date-rape drug. • Dextromethorphan (DXM): • an ingredient in cough syrups • in high doses its effects are similar to the effects of PCP
Section3 Other Drugs of Abuse Chapter 12 Opiates • Examples: morphine, codeine, Rx pain meds • Jason Peter video (ESPN) • Can be very effective medicines when used properly in limited amounts. • Reduce pain, relieve diarrhea, suppress coughing, and induce relaxation. • When abused, addiction results very quickly. • Withdrawal symptoms are severe.
Section3 Other Drugs of Abuse Chapter 12 Opiates • Heroin is a chemically altered form of morphine. • Heroin is highly addictive. This addiction is debilitating and often ruins people’s lives.
Section3 Other Drugs of Abuse Chapter 12 Opiates • Heroin addicts: • lose their jobs • have poor living conditions • suffer many health problems • choke on their own vomit when passed out • catch diseases from needles • engage in crime to support their addiction
Section3 Other Drugs of Abuse Chapter 12 Hallucinogens • LSD is usually taken as tablets or absorbed through the tongue on small paper squares. • LSD can increase energy, alter mood, and produce strange sensations or hallucinations. The effects of LSD can also be frightening.
Section3 Other Drugs of Abuse Chapter 12 Hallucinogens • Mushrooms are a naturally poisonous species of mushroom that produce effects similar to LSD. • LSD and mushroom users can experience flashbacks long after they have taken the drugs.
Section3 Other Drugs of Abuse Chapter 12 Refusal Skills • Practicing your refusal skills can make you more confident in your decision to refuse drugs if they are ever offered to you. • Use the next slide to review your skills.
Chapter 12 Section 4 A Drug-Free Life
Section4 A Drug-Free Life Chapter 12 Drug abuse Affects the Individual • The dangers of intoxication, side effects, and addiction are not the only risks of drug abuse. • Other risks include: • car accidents • accidental injury or death • violence and other criminal activity • unplanned pregnancy • sexually transmitted diseases
Section4 A Drug-Free Life Chapter 12 Drug Abuse Affects the Family • When a teen or other family member is using drugs, it destroys trust within the family. • Drug abuse often leads to family violence. • Drug use can be dangerous to pregnant women and to the fetus. • Neonatal abstinence syndrome is withdrawal that occurs in newborn infants whose mothers were frequent drug users during pregnancy.
Section4 A Drug-Free Life Chapter 12 Drug Abuse Affects Society • Like the use of tobacco and alcohol, drug use imposes economic costs on society. • Billions of dollars are spent in the U.S. each year on health care resulting from drug abuse. • There are also costs from lost productivity at work, accidents, suicide, and other drug-related problems. • Drug abuse and addiction also increase crime. • 1 out of every 4 prisoners is in jail for a drug-related crime.
Section4 A Drug-Free Life Chapter 12 Treatment for Drug Addiction • Recovering is the process of learning to live without drugs. • Because drugs affect the brain, recovering from addiction is very difficult and usually requires treatment and extensive support. • Drug treatment approaches include 12-step programs, outpatient counseling, and residential communities.