Psychoanalytic

1. Psychoanalytic By: Colt Frid, Jessica Trembley, Mario D’Angelo

2. Students will be able to... • Students will be able to understand how psychoanalytic criticism was created and the significance of Sigmund Freud • They will be filled in with in-depth information regarding the theories this criticism revolves around; more specifically; Psychosexual, Tripartite, and the Inferiority Complex. • Students will learn to apply these theories in creative ways within literature. • Thusly; students will learn how to use psychoanalytic criticism.

3. Psychoanalytical Criticism • Originated from the cocaine filled mind of Sigmund Freud • Freud studied the mind and the psychological problems of his patients. He created a few theories, but his most important where as follows: • The Inferiority Complex • The Tripartite Theory • The Psychosexual Stages of Development

4. Sigmund Freud • Studied in these fields: • NeurologyPhilosophyPsychiatryPsychologyPsychotherapyPsychoanalysisLiterature

5. Sigmund Freud • Psychotherapies, second only to Scientology as the champion purveyor of false and misleading claims about the mind, mental health, and mental illness. For example, in psychoanalysis schizophrenia and depression are not brain disorders, but narcissistic disorders. Autism and other brain disorders are not brain problems but mothering problems. These illnesses do not require pharmacological or behavioral treatment. They require only “talk” therapy. Similar positions are taken for anorexia nervosa and Tourette’s syndromeFreud thought he understood the nature of schizophrenia. It is not a brain disorder, but a disturbance in the unconscious caused by unresolved feelings of homosexuality.

6. Inferiority Complex • An inferiority complex, in the fields of psychology and psychoanalysis, is a feeling that one is inferior to others in some way.It is often subconscious, and is thought to drive afflicted individuals to overcompensate, resulting either in spectacular achievement or extreme schizotypalbehavior, or both. Unlike a normal feeling of inferiority, which can act as an incentive for achievement (or promote discouragement), an inferiority complex is an advanced state of discouragement, often embedding itself into ones's lifestyle, and sometimes resulting in a retreat from difficulties.

7. Tripartite Theory • Sigmund Freud introduced what would later come to be called the “structural theory” of psychoanalysis in his 1923 book, The Ego and the Id. The structural theory divides the mind into three agencies or “structures:” The “id,” the “ego,” and the “superego.” The unconscious id consists of humanity’s most primitive desires to satisfy its biological needs ‘pleasure’. The superego (also unconscious) contains the socially-induced conscious and counteracts the id with moral and ethical prohibitions. The largely conscious ego functions as mediator between the two.

8. Psychosexual Stages of Development • Oral: Developmentally the first of Freud's psychosexual stages. During this stage the id seeks gratification through pleasuring the oral erogenous zone, and revolves around eating and sucking. • Anal: The anal stage begins at 2-3 years of age, during which the id derives pleasure through waste elimination. Freud viewed this stage as significant because it marks a child's first attempt to control a biological impulse in order to meet the demands of society. • Phallic: Beginning at 4-5 years of age, it is in this stage that Freud's famous Oedipus and Electra complexes emerge. These complexes are named after characters of Greek myth whose narratives share common traits. Male children develop a sexual desire for their mother, view their father as a rival, and fear that he will castrate them as a result -- the so called Oedipus complex. Female children, on the other hand, develop penis envy (the Electra Complex). They blame their mothers for their lack of penis, and desire to compensate for this by giving birth to their father's children. The phallic conflicts are resolved by method of repression. Through repressing the child learns to identify with its same-sex parent, allowing for both the vicarious possession of the opposite-sex parent and the development of the superego. • Latency: The latency stage begins at age six. Children are sexually latent during this stage. • Genital: The reappearance of sexuality during adolescence marks the beginning of the genital stage, which lasts for the rest of the person's life. In this final stage, sexual urges are outlet directly into sexual relationships.

9. Freud’s Psychoanalytic Ego Defence Mechanisms • Freud believed that anxiety occurs when impulses emanating from the id threaten to overpower the ego. The ego can respond to this threat by using coping mechanisms that are in line with reality. However, if these attempts to cope realistically fail, the ego may resort one or more of the following eight defence mechanisms: • - Denial- Displacement- Intellectualization- Projection- Repression- Rationalization • Reaction Formation involves the repression of the anxiety-arousing impulse, whose energy is then diverted into the exaggerated acting out of the opposite behaviour.Example: A marriage partner represses deep feelings of discontent with their spouse, and instead becomes clingy and affectionate.

10. Oedipus

11. The End of All Things First we assaulted death with pills and targeted radiation, and then with nanites, gene therapy, and anti-ablative cladding woven into human flesh. Next came imprinted light waves that held the mind, the record of a human, railed against by the Catholics and the Protestants and the Muslims as a slight against the soul. Shinto ancestor worship became a tangible thing: venerating lacquered cubes of hardwood that contained quantum records of great-grandfathers. Soon we left Earth behind, a crowded homestead, and made our way outward. We molded worlds to our liking, and then, later, wrote our consciousness into the foamy black of space-time. After a large but finite number of eons, we left the Galaxy behind, a crowded homestead, and ventured further. We left identity behind, merged ourselves with the godhead, and wrote poems on the surfaces of stars, sang songs to the iron cores of supernovae. And now it's all unspooling, the stars all gone dark a trillion years ago, and we think to ourself, we had a good run.

12. Eating Everything There Ever Was It started with a local hot-dog eating contest. Lou Verbain took first place, and moved on to the provincials, where he placed second. But the first-place contestant bowed out when his stomach ruptured, and Lou was on to the nationals. At internationals he placed a distant third to a whip-thin Japanese girl. Lou wasn't about to take that lying down, so he went into hard-core training. He ate all the hot dogs in town, then in the province, and eventually he caused a continent-wide shortage in meat-ish products. He moved on. Hamburgers, pies, cookies, anything he could stuff down his gullet. He grew and grew, too, expanding like a weed, like a balloon. It was surreal. The day he started eating cars was probably the point of no return. He started small, with a rusted-out Datsun, but by week's end he was devouring Hummers and limos. At some point hydrogen fusion started up in his stomach, but he didn't notice. Long story short, now he's a black hole, Verbain X-1, and the Universe is slowly falling into him.

13. Dancing On a hilltop at sunset, they danced one last time. High clouds burned crimson and chromium, and she sang to him: o this is the guillotine, and this is the knife this is for murder, this is for life He whirled her like a dervish, spinning her about and about, watching her dark hair mask her face like a funeral veil. so come, hangman, tie up your noose my lover is here, waiting for you He dipped her low, kissed her carmine lips, then lifted her into the sky. She laughed with delight, and he couldn't remember the last time she'd sounded so happy. we dance on the hill, we prance through the heath we eat, drink and are merry, till we're all out of breath And the music ended, and the first stars appeared in the eastern firmament. He bowed to her, both of them dripping sweat from their hair. Her smile was inscrutable. "It's time, isn't it," he said. "It is," she said. "Time to wake up." He woke, and the bed was empty, and once more he was a widower. He put on his ring and faced the day.

14. Macbeth

15. Annotated Bibliography • http://webspace.ship.edu/cgboer/freud.html • http://www.iep.utm.edu/f/freud.htm • www.kirjasto.sci.fi/freud.htm • http://www.ecclectica.ca/issues/2009/1/others/ficlets/index.asp