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Landscape Principles

Landscape Principles. Concepts & Applications. By Andy TenHuisen June 2002 Georgia Agricultural Education Curriculum Office. Principles of Landscape Design. Balance Simplicity Focalization Rhythm & Line Scale & Proportion. Which do you like?. Why do you like that one?

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Landscape Principles

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  1. Landscape Principles Concepts & Applications By Andy TenHuisen June 2002 Georgia Agricultural Education Curriculum Office

  2. Principles of Landscape Design • Balance • Simplicity • Focalization • Rhythm & Line • Scale & Proportion

  3. Which do you like? • Why do you like that one? • What makes it different from the other? • Does this relate anything at all to a haircut?

  4. Why don’t you like this house? • How do you tell another person why you dislike this house? • Can you put into words what needs to be done to improve this house’s curb appeal?

  5. Let’s take a look and find out what words you can use to better describe what you like

  6. Balance • Means “equilibrium” • Visual weight of the landscape is equal • Unbalanced objects cause the viewer to be uneasy and confused • Two types of balance can be used in the landscape

  7. Symmetrical Balance • Mirror image • Used more for formal architecture • Visual weight is balanced

  8. Which house has symmetrical balance?

  9. Asymmetrical Balance • Visual weight is balanced but not mirror images • Used more in informal architecture

  10. Home landscapes lacking balance are unappealing

  11. Simplicity • Should be soothing to the eye; not busy • No competing objects • Minimal plant variety • No scalloped bed lines; gentle curves • Repetition • Mass Plantings

  12. Repetition • Repeating shapes helps maintain simplicity

  13. Mass Plantings • Large beds of one plant variety achieve simplicity

  14. Simple Design • Using minimal plant variety • Gentle curving bed lines • Repetition

  15. What characteristics of simplicity are achieved here? • Curved bed lines • Minimal plant variety • No competing objects • Not busy

  16. Focalization • Visual importance • One item appears to dominate • Don’t have competing focal points • Draws attention

  17. Front Door • The front door should be the focal point of the landscape

  18. Using brass kick plate Use lights and lighting fixtures Sidewalks lead eye to door Using porticos Stained glass Vertical elements Small flower beds Accenting the Front Door

  19. Front Doors

  20. Where’s the front door?

  21. Rhythm & Line • What is rhythm? • How to achieve rhythm? • What lines are we concerned with? • Sequencing?

  22. Rhythm • Landscapes have rhythm just as music has rhythm • Music has a beat (count) • Music has repetition of notes in the same scale • Landscapes have rhythm by a repetitious count of textures/form/color

  23. Rhythm • Repeating plant form/color/texture throughout the entire landscape

  24. Rhythm • Tying areas together • Continuity • Gradual changes

  25. Line • What the eye follows • Everything has a line • Tree outlines • Bed lines • Patios & Decks • Buildings • Gradual changes of line are most appealing

  26. Lines

  27. Bed lines

  28. Vertical Lines • Vertical lines draw attention • Create a sense of tension and nervousness • Tend to exaggerate

  29. Horizontal Lines • Horizontal lines create a sense of warmth and tranquility • Do not draw attention

  30. Sequencing • Positioning objects according to size • Small – medium – large • Provide a smoother line for the eye to follow • Provide views of all plants • Help create horizontal lines

  31. Sequencing

  32. Lacking Rhythm & Line

  33. Large objects dwarf other objects Large objects tend to be overpowering and cause uneasiness Large objects used with large structures create proportion Small objects create a feeling of warmth and serenity Small objects enhance or exaggerate other objects Dwarfed plants should be used with smaller landscapes Scale & Proportion

  34. Proportionately Correct

  35. Incorrect Scale

  36. Large plants in front of house help dwarf the house

  37. Review of Principles • Balance • Simplicity • Focalization • Rhythm & Line • Scale & Proportion

  38. Symmetrical Balance

  39. Asymmetrical Balance

  40. Unbalanced

  41. Simplicity • Gentle curves and lines • Repetition of plants • Mass plantings

  42. Simplicity • One focal point • Same texture • Horizontal lines

  43. No Simplicity

  44. Focalization • One focal point • No competing elements • Vertical lines help draw attention • Changes in form

  45. Rhythm & Line • Bed lines tie areas together • Horizontal lines create a feeling of warmth • Repetition provides continuity • Simplistic designs create rhythm

  46. Scale & Proportion • Using plants in size relationship to complement rather than offend • Larger plants are overpowering and create uneasiness • Smaller plants generate warmth

  47. Let’s take a look at some more desirable landscapes

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