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Principles of Landscape Design

Principles of Landscape Design. Artistic (Design) principles guide our artistic expression. Some are abstract – they can guide your thinking. Principles of Landscape Design. BALANCE PROPORTION SIMPLICITY FOCAL POINT UNITY RHYTHM/LINE. Principles of Landscape Design.

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Principles of Landscape Design

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  1. Principles of Landscape Design Artistic (Design) principles guide our artistic expression. Some are abstract – they can guide your thinking.

  2. Principles of Landscape Design • BALANCE • PROPORTION • SIMPLICITY • FOCAL POINT • UNITY • RHYTHM/LINE

  3. Principles of Landscape Design • BALANCE: A state of equilibrium, equality in weight, value or importance.

  4. Principles of Landscape Design BALANCE: Two types of balance… • Symmetrical – formal, static… Achieved using the same thing on each side of a central axis. • Symmetry can be boring. If there isn't any movement it makes for a static landscape. And if you lose a plant on one side the balance will be lost. • Also if a house is asymmetrical you can't really do a symmetrical landscape.

  5. Principles of Landscape Design BALANCE: Two types of balance… • Symmetrical – formal, static • Asymmetrical – casual, movement… Achieved by using similar ideas but different things on either side. • Big structures with a big side and a little side. You might need something dramatic on the small side and airier stuff on the heavy side.

  6. Principles of Landscape Design BALANCE

  7. Symmetrical Balance: each side of the landscape duplicates the other

  8. Symmetrical balance

  9. Symmetrical

  10. Symmetrical Balance

  11. Principles of Landscape Design BALANCE

  12. Asymmetrical balance: one side of the landscape provides as much interest as the other, bud doesn’t duplicate it exactly

  13. Asymmetrical Balance

  14. Asymmetrical Balance

  15. Asymmetrical

  16. Principles of Landscape Design BALANCE

  17. Principles of Landscape Design BALANCE

  18. Principles of Landscape Design BALANCE

  19. Principles of Landscape Design BALANCE: • Mass Collection – within the framework of either symmetry or asymmetry, mass collection is one other method for establishing order in a design composition.

  20. Principles of Landscape Design BALANCE (mass collection creates order)

  21. Principles of Landscape Design BALANCE (mass collection creates order) Yes! Plants are grouped together in masses No! Plants are separated and scattered

  22. Principles of Landscape Design BALANCE (mass collection creates order)

  23. Principles of Landscape Design • PROPORTION (or scale): the way things relate to each other with respect to size (big-medium-little). • When it is obvious it's clear when something is disproportionate. • In residential design we want elements that are in proportion to each other. • Much difference in size creates dissonance…unable to reconcile one element with another.

  24. Principles of Landscape Design PROPORTION • If you have huge elements and small elements you will need something in the intermediate range to bring them together. • Very large is intimidating. We generally don't want that in residential design. You want to make people feel welcome. Bring things down to human scale.

  25. Principles of Landscape Design PROPORTION Disproportionate Proportionate

  26. Principles of Landscape Design PROPORTION • Proportionate or disproportionate • Disproportionate

  27. Principles of Landscape Design PROPORTION • Proportionate or disproportionate • Proportionate

  28. More proportionate

  29. Principles of Landscape Design • SIMPLICITY: limiting change or variation… Achieved by repetition of ideas. • If we start saying yes to too many things in the landscape we will have problems. • One of the most common errors in landscapes is that we try to do too much. Too many different kinds of plants. • Best to reduce the number of themes. The viewer needs to experience the landscape as one thing at a time. • However too much simplicity = Monotony

  30. Principles of Landscape Design SIMPLICITY Monotype planting

  31. Principles of Landscape Design SIMPLICITY Simple but monotonous

  32. Principles of Landscape Design SIMPLICITY Simple but not monotonous

  33. Simplicity • Important to overall unity of design • Accomplished by repeating specific plants thought the design and by massing plant types or colors into groups rather than spacing them so each color is seen separately • The fewer objects there are to focus on, the more simple the design will seem

  34. Simplicity

  35. Simplicity

  36. Simplicity- repetition

  37. Principles of Landscape Design 4. Focal Point llex verticillata 'Winter Red'

  38. Focalization of interest • The eye only wants to see one feature • Focal point, all other elements compliment this point of interest but do not compete with it • Usually done with specimen plants or fountains, pools, flower masses • Once created all bed lines and plant arrangements should lead eye to the focal point

  39. Focal Point

  40. Focal Point

  41. Principles of Landscape Design • Overriding Principle is Unity – Landscape elements should tie together in some ways

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