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The Industrial Revolution

The Industrial Revolution. After Napoleon…. Congress of Vienna  all the rulers who fought Napoleon met to decide final peace settlement They want to restore the old order (monarchy everywhere, no revolutions!) Balance of power – rearranged the map to make everyone “equal” .

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The Industrial Revolution

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  1. The Industrial Revolution

  2. After Napoleon… • Congress of Vienna  all the rulers who fought Napoleon met to decide final peace settlement • They want to restore the old order (monarchy everywhere, no revolutions!) • Balance of power – rearranged the map to make everyone “equal”

  3. The Congress failed; political revolutions would continue to shake Europe for years • At this time, a new type of Revolution began to transform the world; the Industrial Revolution

  4. Industrial Revolution • Began in Britain in 1780’s and spread from there (took awhile though) • Manufacturing – to make or process (a raw material) into a finished product, especially by means of large scale production • Key part of the Indust. Rev

  5. Why Britain first? Graphic Organizer • Better farming practices (JethroTull and Charles Townsend) • Improved transportation (railroads) • Lots of natural resources (at home and from colonies)

  6. This leads to… • Feeding more people = • Increased population = • Increased migration to urban areas = • Large workforce  work in factories, build new transport systems, produce iron and coal

  7. Also… • Many wealthy English entrepreneurs ready to invest in new industry • Abundance of coal and iron ore • Access to many markets (through colonization) SO…… BRITAIN IS A VERY WEALTHY NATION

  8. What was produced? • Cotton into cloth (textile industry)

  9. Iron Ore (produced high quality iron used to produce new, stronger machines for transport and production)

  10. Coal (for power)

  11. So… • could not have developed without coal and iron. • Coal provided power to drive the steam engines, and was needed to make iron. • Iron improved machines and tools • Great Britain's large deposits of coal and iron ore helped make it the world's first industrial nation.

  12. Other key factors… • Transportation (railways, canals, rivers) • Steam power technology (trains and steamboats)

  13. Results of the Industrial Rev. • Growth of cities • Population growth • Rising “standard of living” (more consumer goods available to make life easier)

  14. And…new “classes” of people • Industrial capitalists  successful businessmen • Industrial middle class  built factories, found markets, sales people • Industrial working class  factory workers

  15. Working conditions for the Industrial Working Class • Long hours (12-16 per day) • Low pay • Poor conditions (dirty, hot and dangerous) • Child labour (lots of abuse) • 6 day weeks • No job security

  16. Conditions for children… • Read “The Way it Was” on page 368-369 • Answer question 1 and 2

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