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Digestion

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This overview delves into the functions of the stomach and small intestines in the human digestive system. The stomach, with a J-shape, stores food and initiates its breakdown without absorbing large nutrients, focusing instead on substances like water, glucose, salts, and alcohol. It plays a critical role in transforming food into chyme through chemical and physical digestion. The small intestines further absorb nutrients and consist of three parts: duodenum, jejunum, and ileum. The pancreas aids digestion by secreting enzymes and neutralizing stomach acid, thereby maintaining homeostasis.

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Digestion

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Presentation Transcript

  1. Digestion Presented by the Stomach (Primarily...)

  2. Stomach • Stores _____________ (human capacity is ____________) • This is the site of early _____________ digestion • “J”-shaped • It does not absorb _________________ • The nutrients are still too large • Only absorbs: • Water • Glucose • Salts • Alcohol • These things will pass through the stomach membrane into the _____________________ • This chemical and physical digestion changes the food bolus into a liquefied paste called _________________

  3. Stomach

  4. Cells Lining the Stomach • ___________________ • Secretes ___________________ (HCl) for two purposes • HCl destroys ________________in food • HCl converts ________________into pepsin • This enzyme digests proteins into amino acids • ___________________ • Secretes ___________________ • ___________________ • Secretes ___________________ • This protects the stomach lining so no __________occur

  5. Small Intestines • _______________________________ • Regulates the movement of foods and stomach acids from stomach to small intestines • Main function of the small intestines is to _______________ nutrients • The “small” in the small intestines refers to the ___________________, NOT the length • It is approximately ____ long in humans • Shorter in carnivores, longer in herbivores

  6. Parts of Small Intestine • There are three parts to the small intestine • ________________________ • It’s about 0.3m long • The majority of digestion occurs here • ________________________ • It’s about 2.7m long • ________________________ • It’s about 4 m long

  7. Pancreas • Its secretions play a large role in digestion • It secretes two products: • ___________________________________ • This is released into the pancreatic duct • It is a ____________solution, meaning that it will neutralize the stomach acid  pH becomes 9 (neut. HCl), deactivates pepsin • It also contains some digestive ___________________ • Amylase (converts carbs to sugars) • Lipase (converts lipids to fatty acids and glycerol) • Trypsin (converts proteins to amino acids) • ___________________________________ • This is release directly into the bloodstream • It regulates _________________________ levels

  8. Pancreas

  9. Homeostasis • ____________________________________________ ____________________________________________ • To maintain health, your body must keep certain conditions constant or within an acceptable range • Regulating blood-sugar levels is one example of this

  10. BILL NYE  • While watching Bill Nye, please try to answer all the questions on the page • There are some on the back!! • Enjoy – I am still trying to download all of Magic School Bus 

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