World War I 1914-1918

1. World War I 1914-1918 Industrialization brings global ‘interdependence’ – nations depend on each other. Isolationism becomes obsolete as militarism, nationalism, and imperialism spread.

2. 1914

3. Our Agenda: Classwork: • Map: Europe 1914 • Fill-in countries • Highlight alliances (create key) Homework: • WWI Vocab –Monday, 1/10 • WWI, Chapter Outline (fill-in blanks) – Tues., 1/11 • World War I Quiz (Map, Outline, Notes) – Wed., 1/12 (this will not be open-note)

4. World War I: 1914-1918“The Great War” Directions: Open textbook to p. 704 (Connections) 2. Label the countries on the map provided. 3. Create a KEY to differentiate among the different alliances, and neutral nations.

5. Announcements • Hand in Guided Reading, Ch. 27, Section 1 • Quiz Thursday (Geography & Ch. 27, Section 1) – if it snows…Friday. • Graphic Organizer, Thurs., 1/13 (even if it snows!) • Guiding Questions, Tuesday, 1/18

6. Your new Global class…play along! Bob is a friend of Frank. Frank and Rick are good friends and have agreed that if either is ever in a fight, the other boy will come to the rescue. Most of the boys in the class have obtained weapons in case of a fight. Greg, Ira and Alan are also good friends and have an agreement to fight if one is attacked. Frank and Greg hate each other because Greg beat up Frank a few years ago. Greg is jealous of Bob because Bob is a better swimmer on the school team. Sam and Rick are good friends as their backgrounds are similar, and Alan is always picking on Sam. Rick will protect Sam from Alan. Barney is small in size and gets picked on; he has convinced Bob to help him if he is ever attacked. All the boys love Cathy; each one thinks he is best and deserves her. What will your class “feel” like? Your thoughts?

7. Directions: Visit all 4 stations in the classroom.Each station represents a “cause” of WWI. Analyze the sources at each station to determine the “cause” that is being represented. Label the “cause” on the handout provided (Title). Long-Term Causes of World War I

8. World War I: 1914-1918“The Great War” What was the “spark” that led to the start of WWI? Who: (was involved?) What: (happened?) Where: (did it happen?) When: (did it happen?) Why: (did it happen?) How: (did it happen?) How did this spark lead to a World War? (explain)

9. Do Now: What is an alliance? Why do people form them? How do people select who they want to make an alliance with? Why could alliances be dangerous?

10. Homework: Due Wed., 1/12Complete graphic organizer based on today’s class activity. • Directions: • Identify: M.A.I.N • A: Definition • B & C: Examples

11. Do Now: 1. Why is A-H & the Balkan Peninsula known as the “Powder Keg” of Europe? 2. Why is the Ottoman Empire known as the “Sick Man of Europe” 3. Who started World War I? Defend your answer.

12. Causes of WWI “The Spark” Long Term Causes

13. Presence of the AH Empire: mixed nationalities that resented foreign rule Serbia independent (desire to unite Slavs) Russian interest in Balkan peninsula (secret treaty with Serbia) Why is Russia interested in the Balkan Peninsula? “Slavic Brothers,” Access to Med Sea (militarism/warm water ports) 1908: A-H annexes Bosnia/Herzegovina The Balkan Peninsula, 1914

14. Austria-Hungary & the Balkan Peninsula“Powder Keg of Europe” • MANY ethnic groups (Czechs, Romanians, Poles & Serbs) • Desire national independence • Threat to A-H

15. “The Sick Man of Europe” Ottoman Empire • As nationalism grew, people of Balkan peninsula gained independence • Loss of territory to Russia

16. “The Spark” • Assassination of the Austrian Archduke Franz Ferdinand and his wife on June 28th, 1914 in Sarajevo (Austrian-Hungary Province)

17. Who did it? Gavrilo Princip WHO IS HE? • Bosnian Revolutionary • Black Hand • Instrument of Serbian government? Seal of the Black Hand

18. The Austrian Response “Demands must be put to Serbia that would be wholly impossible for them to accept.” Count Berchtold (Austrian PM)

19. GERMANY REACTS “The Blank Check” Confidential - For Your Excellency's personal information and guidance “His Majesty desires to say that he is not blind to the danger which threatens Austria-Hungary and thus the Triple Alliance . The Emperor Francis Joseph (AH) may be rest assured that His Majesty will faithfully stand by Austria-Hungary, as is required by the obligations of his alliance and of his ancient friendship.” Bethmann Hollweg (German PM)

20. The UltimatumJuly 23, 1914 • Suppress anti-AH hostility • Dismiss anti-AH officials • Allow AH to investigate assassination within Serbia • Trial in AH courts • 48 hours to respond • Must accept all demands – or AH declares war What do you think Serbia should do? Why?

21. German Motives Kaiser William II “Germany must have its place in the sun. The world belongs to the strong.” “The Austrian demands are moderate. Any interference by Britain, France, Russia will be followed by incalculable consequences.” Aggressive Foreign Policy

22. Alliance System In Action • July 28, 1914: A-H declares war on Serbia • July 29, 1914: Russia mobilizes • August 1, 1914: Germany declares war on Russia • August 3, 1914: Germany declares war on France

23. German Military StrategyHow do you fight a war on two fronts? “Schlieffen Plan:” Defeat France before Russians mobilize HOW? Fastest Route: invade through Belgium – August 3, 1914

24. “The Schlieffen Plan”

25. Why did Britain get involved?August 4, 1914 • Belgian Neutrality • Protected by British • Britain declares war on Germany • U.S. neutral; Loans Allies >$3 billion “There’s some devilry going on in Berlin.” (Sir Edward Grey: British Foreign Secretary)

26. Alliances – Why? ALLIED POWERS CENTRAL POWERS Naval Race DEMOCRACIES • England • France • 3. Russia • 4. Serbia • Germany • A-H • 3. Ottoman Empire Similar Culture Arms Race Lost territory warm water ports NATIONALIST TENSIONS “Slavic brothers” Resents Russia “Sick Man of Europe”

28. “Talk a Mile A Minute“Topic: School Teacher Student Global History pencil smartboard notes suspension laughing cutting study

29. “Talk a Mile A Minute“Topic: WWI Alliances Militarism Nationalism Imperialism “Sick Man of Europe” “Powder Keg” Industrialization Serbia

30. “Talk a Mile A Minute“Topic: WWI Central Powers Allied Powers Serbia Austria-Hungary Belgium England Russia Ottoman EmpireGermany

31. “Talk a Mile A Minute“Topic: WWI Gavrilo Princep Black Hand ultimatum Schlieffen Plan neutral Blank Check Arms Race Franz Ferdinand alliances

32. “Talk a Mile A Minute“Topic: WWI warm water ports assassination serbia ottoman empire nationalism imperialism central powers militarism powder keg

33. “Let’s Chat” • What caused WWI to occur? • What nation should we blame for the war? • Is the war justified? • How could WWI have been avoided? • Should nations follow a policy of isolationism? Why? Why not? • What are the soldiers fighting for? (Name a country, rationale)

34. Dulce et Decorum Est

35. Rupert Brooke ~ “The Soldier” If I should die, think only this of me: That there's some corner of a foreign field That is forever England. There shall be In that rich earth a richer dust concealed; A dust whom England bore, shaped, made aware, Gave, once, her flowers to love, her ways to roam, A body of England's, breathing English air, Washed by the rivers, blest by suns of home. And think, this heart, all evil shed away, A pulse in the eternal mind, no less Gives somewhere back the thoughts by England given; Her sights and sounds; dreams happy as her day; And laughter, learnt of friends; and gentleness, In hearts at peace, under an English heaven.

37. French Troops Resting ~ C. R. W. Nevinson