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The Unnecessary War: World War I's Origins, Dilemmas, and Aftermath (1914-1918)

World War I, often termed the "Unnecessary War," unfolded from 1914 to 1918, driven by complex national alliances and Germany's strategic challenges. The Schlieffen Plan aimed to defeat France quickly before focusing on Russia, but monumental failures led to a brutal two-front war characterized by trench warfare and massive casualties. The East saw German successes, while social unrest in Russia culminated in the 1917 overthrow of the Romanovs. The Treaty of Brest-Litovsk allowed Germany to redirect efforts westward, but shifting tides in 1918, including U.S. involvement and new military technologies, led to the Allies' ultimate triumph.

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The Unnecessary War: World War I's Origins, Dilemmas, and Aftermath (1914-1918)

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  1. World War I1914-1918 The Unnecessary War The fight and its Aftermath

  2. Europe circa 1900

  3. The Gangs of 1907-1914

  4. The Lineup • I. Central Powers vs. Allied Powers

  5. Germany’s Dilemma – surrounded

  6. Germany’s Dilemma = surrounded by foes Germany’s solution = Schlieffen Plan - One front at a time - Knock out France (west) and focus on Russia (east) - Fails

  7. Two Front War

  8. Results of Failure of Schlieffen Plan - 2 Front War - Trench Warfare w/ mass casualties in west

  9. German Success in East - Horrible conditions in R. lead to overthrow of Romanovs – 1917 - G sends R. communist V. Lenin to R - Nov. 1917 Lenin takes control - 1918 Treaty of Brest-Litovsk takes R out of war - Germany can now focus on west

  10. Treaty of Brest-Litovsk

  11. Triumph of the Allies - US enters the war - Introduction of the tank - Improved Allied tactics vs. trenches - German attrition – can last no longer

  12. Das Schutzengrabenvernichtungsautomobil • (Aka Das Tank)

  13. German Expansion Pre- WW II

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