AP Government Exam Review Terms 71-75

1. AP Government Exam Review Terms 71-75 Allison Perhach A2

2. 71. Sampling and Sampling Error • Sampling- the selection of a subset of individuals from within a population to estimate characteristics of the whole population • Sampling Error- the difference between the results of two surveys or samples • Ex) if one survey finds Americans favor something 60% of the time, and another surveys finds that Americans favor it 65% of the time, the sampling error is 5% • Relation to U.S. Government • Shows how the U.S. people feel about a certain topic and therefore allows the government to see inside of the minds of the people. • Allows for government to see discrepancies between different topics • Example: Sampling (and by default, sampling errors) will be used, perhaps, in the upcoming presidential election to interpret the public’s opinion in order to plan a strategy

3. 72. Political Ideology • A more or less consistent set of views as to the policies the government ought to pursue • Relation to U.S. Government • Shows how the U.S. wants to be run by certain groups • This keeps parties working toward a specific goal • Example: Conservatism or Liberalism are types of political ideologies

4. 73. Liberal and Extreme Radical • Liberal: a political belief that promotes human rights, a high level of government involvement, and constitutionalism • Extreme Radicalism: the most intense of liberals that prefer to take action in politics • Relation to U.S. Government • Often receive the most attention in media because they reflect beliefs the majority does not feel, therefore create room for political debate • Example: Extreme Liberal Democrats is an online news source for people to follow current information regarding politics from a very biased perspective

5. 74. Conservative and Extreme Reactionary • Conservative: a political belief that prefers minimal government involvement, free markets and a strong defense • Extreme Reactionary: the most intense conservative beliefs that believe in waiting for issues to surface, and then taking action • Relation to U.S. Government • Similar to the previous slide, extreme view get the most attention and therefore draw politics in through the media • Example: The Tea Party

6. 75. Two-Party System • An electoral system with two dominant parties that compete in state or national elections • Third parties have little chance of winning • Relation to U.S. Government • United States currently has a two-party system (Democrats v. Republicans) • Example: The current presidential election has no evidence of a third party