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1.1 Greek Roots of Democracy

1.1 Greek Roots of Democracy. Objective. To understand what ideas arose in ancient Greece that contributed to the development of democratic values in the modern world. I. Rise of City States. Greeks lived in “city-states” and tried different kinds of government King or monarchy

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1.1 Greek Roots of Democracy

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  1. 1.1 Greek Roots of Democracy

  2. Objective • To understand what ideas arose in ancient Greece that contributed to the development of democratic values in the modern world.

  3. I. Rise of City States • Greeks lived in “city-states” and tried different kinds of government • King or monarchy • Aristocracy or noble landowners • Finally, power went to the citizenry • Sparta- military state, run by 2 kings, a council of elders and an assembly of all males over 30 • Athens- the city state where democracy emerged. • Council of 500- legislature made up of citizens chosen at random • Assembly – all males citizens over 30 approved all laws

  4. II. Athens in the Age of Pericles • Direct democracy- citizens participate and vote directly, not through elected representatives • Jury-panel of citizens who have the final judgment in a trial • Believed in the rights and responsibilities of the individual

  5. III. Greek Philosophy • Philosopher- “lover of wisdom” • Used observation and reason • Looked for “natural laws” • Discussed ethics and morality or standards of human behavior

  6. III. Socrates • Asked “What is the Greatest Good?” • Socratic method-asking a series of questions • Was put on trial and had the chance to run, but stayed and drank the cup of poison to show his loyalty to the state

  7. IV. Plato • Socrates’ student • Wrote “The Republic” • Describes the ideal state • Believed in “philosopher kings”, distrusted democracy (it killed Socrates) • Created a school “The Academy”

  8. V. Aristotle • Believed in: THE RULE OF LAW • Even the ruler should be subject to the law • Wrote “Politics” • People should live using the golden mean- no extremes • Set up the Lyceum- a school

  9. VI. Alexander the Great • Tutored by Aristotle • Conquered an empire from Greece 2000 miles east through Persia • New mixed culture emerged “Hellanistic”

  10. Questions • 1. What democratic ideas arose in ancient Greece? (4 at least) • 2.Describe the shift in power over time in the Greek city states. • 3. What did Socrates, Plato and Aristotle each think of democracy? • 4.Describ what “the Rule of Law” means. Who’s idea was this?

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