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Spread of Dar-al-Islam

Spread of Dar-al-Islam. 7 th –17 th C. CE. Overview. 7 th -17 th Centuries Islamic Empire provides key trade links and channels in E. Hemisphere Origins: Bedouin tribes (family clans organized into tribes) Nomads Led by Shayk, war chief

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Spread of Dar-al-Islam

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  1. Spread of Dar-al-Islam 7th–17th C. CE

  2. Overview • 7th-17th Centuries Islamic Empire provides key trade links and channels in E. Hemisphere • Origins: • Bedouin tribes (family clans organized into tribes) • Nomads • Led by Shayk, war chief • People loyal to family, lots of clan rivalries over land and water rights • Mecca largest city, founded by Umayyad clan • Site of Ka’ba • NE was Yathrib (Medina) built around oasis • Religion: animism and polytheism • Some believe in supreme god: Allah

  3. Muhammad • Born into Bedouin tribe • Traveled in caravans • met Christians and Jews • Learned of clan rivalries • Married rich widow, Khadijah • Became dissatisfied with his life, spent time praying • 610 received the first of many revelations from the angel Gabriel • Later written in the Qur’an (Koran)

  4. Start of Islam • Muhammad began to speak in Mecca • 622 Umayyads drove him from Mecca on the Hijrah (emigration) to Yathrib (later called Medina al-Nabi “city of the prophet”) • This marks the beginning of the Muslim calendar • Following grew in Medina, fought battles proving the power of Allah • Returned to Mecca triumphant • Gradually Umayyads converted

  5. Growth of Islam • Offered Arabs an Arab religion that was the equal of Christianity or Judaism • Umma became more important that old tribal rivalries • Everyone equal before Allah • Strong moral code with responsibilities for weak and poor such as zakat

  6. Five Pillars of Islam • Shahada: Declaration of faith: “There is not god but Allah, and Muhammad is his prophet” • “La ilaha illa Allah wa-Muhammad rasul Allah” • Salat:Five daily prayers • Sawm: Fast during Ramadan • Zakat: charity • Hajj: pilgrimage to Mecca

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