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Moving Images

Moving Images. Camerawork: Framing, Composition & Movement. Recap: Over the shoulder and 180 degree rule. Shot Reverse Shot . Shot Reverse Shot & the 180 Degree Rule. Breaks continuity. 180 ° Line. Over the Shoulder – Reverse shot. Over the Shoulder -Shot.

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Moving Images

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  1. Moving Images Camerawork: Framing, Composition & Movement

  2. Recap: Over the shoulder and 180 degree rule Shot Reverse Shot

  3. Shot Reverse Shot & the 180 Degree Rule Breaks continuity 180°Line Over the Shoulder – Reverse shot Over the Shoulder -Shot Two Shot or Master Shot: Establishes spacial relations Identify the shots in this clip http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iDbyYGrswtg E.g. IT Crowd

  4. Things to analyse • Framing (what is in shot) • Composition (putting together) • Lens (telephoto, zoom, wide angle) • Depth of field (shallow/deep) • Camera Angles • Camera shots • Colour & lighting

  5. Filming Speed • Slow Motion (slo-mo): The camera is ‘over cranked’ so that film goes through the gate quicker than normal. Slow when played at normal speed. Three Colours White • Fast Motion: Reversing the process – film run slowly through the camera which looks speeded up when run at normal speed. Love & Death

  6. The 5 Elements of Mise en Scene • Production Design: Settings, Props and Costumes (including hair and makeup) • Colour & Lighting: : In production design and lighting- Low key/high key • Actors’ performance: Acting and Facial Expressions & Body Language • Proxemics: Positioning of characters/objects/props within the frame • *Sound – Diegetic Sound (sound that emanates from the scene) – this will be looked at next week

  7. 1. Production: Settings/Locations • Settings & Locations play an important part in film-making and are not just ‘backgrounds’. They are often dynamic, moving from one location to another • Sets are either built from scratch or a great deal of time is spent to find a setting which already exists (set designer/set dresser) • Settings can manipulate an audience

  8. 1. Production: Settings • How does the setting create meaning in the following clip? • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ccWrbGEFgI8

  9. 1. Production: Props • An object used on stage or on screen by actors during a performance or screenproduction. In practical terms, a prop is considered to be anything movable or portable on a stage or a set.

  10. 1. Production: Props • From the following clip, pick 3 props and think about how they might make meaning for an audience. Try to focus particularly on any symbolic interpretations • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0Z1XpfbuZOA

  11. 1. Production: Costume, Hair & Make Up • Tells us immediately whether the film is set in the present and what society/or culture it will centre around • An instant indicator to us of a character’s personality, status & job • Symbolic - Certain costumes can signify certain individuals (i.e. black cloak of a vampire, or groups (e.g. policemen)

  12. Task - Costume • Watch the clip below and make notes on how the costumes make meaning. What connotations do each element of costume have? • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rARN6agiW7o

  13. 2. Lighting and Colour • Colour carries certain connotations which may add meaning to a scene (i.e. Red = Danger/Passion) • Cinematography - give a scene a particular look, feel or mood • Can be used for dramatic effect

  14. BACK LIGHT FILLER LIGHTS KEY LIGHT

  15. Types of Lighting • LOW KEY LIGHTING: • Created by using only the key & back lights • Produces sharp contrasts of light and dark areas • Deep, distinct shadows/silhouettes are formed

  16. Types of Lighting • HIGH KEY LIGHTING: • By using more filler lights the lighting is natural and realistic to the viewer • Produces brightly lit sets or a sunny day (right)

  17. What type of lighting has been used in these shots and to what effect? • Make sure you also analyse for the mise en scene.

  18. TV Dramas use lighting for a variety of different effects. Use these question to help you consider why certain lightings have been used.

  19. Mise en scene is vital in conveying information through ‘visual signifiers’ (things we see on screen). This is how we as the audience extract meaning – connotations…

  20. What symbolic meanings are generated by elements of mise en scene? • Signs and symbols in media texts are polysemic which means they are open to many interpretations.

  21. Name the genre

  22. 2. Lighting and Colour Lighting can be used to achieve a variety of effects: • To highlight important characters or objects within the frame • To make characters look mysterious by shading sections of the face & body • To reflect a characters mood and emotions and gives key pointers in terms of expectations/indicates genre

  23. 2. Types of Lighting • LOW KEY LIGHTING: • Created by using only the key & back lights • Produces sharp contrasts of light and dark areas • Deep, distinct shadows/silhouettes are formed Example: Film Noir/Horror Films http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jsmVL7SDp5Y

  24. 2. Types of Lighting • HIGH KEY LIGHTING: • More filler lights are used. Lighting is natural and realistic to our eyes • Produces brightly lit sets or a sunny day (right) Example: Rom-Coms

  25. BACK LIGHT FILLER LIGHTS KEY LIGHT

  26. What type of lighting?

  27. What type of lighting?

  28. What type of lighting?

  29. 2. Lighting • Watch the following clip and comment on how lighting influences an audiences response • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=l5I1q4KhKNU • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zy1RODNymlQ • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uA3OnIYW5u4

  30. 3. Actors’ Performance: Facial Expressions & Body Language • Facial Expressions/gestures/movement provide a clear indicator of how someone is feeling • NVC, smiling – signifies they are happy but we may get a different feeling if this is accompanied by scary music • Body Language – signifies how a character feels towards another character or may reflect the state of their relationship

  31. TASK: What meanings/emotions do the following images convey:IMAGE 1

  32. IMAGE 2

  33. IMAGE 3

  34. 3. Actors’ Performance • Look at the two performers in the clip below. What elements of their performance create meaning? • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xN1WN0YMWZU

  35. 4. Proxemics: Positioning of Characters & Objects within a frame • Proxemics (spacial relations), relationship between props, costume, characters, lighting, acting –how they create meaning. • A film-maker can use positioning to indicate relationships between people

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