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Lyceum 2.0 February 16, 2011

Energy Futures of Puget Sound: Are Our Tides Part of the Solution?. Brian Polagye , Jim Thomson, and Chris Bassett University of Washington Northwest National Marine Renewable Energy Center. Lyceum 2.0 February 16, 2011. Renewable Energy Challenge. Technology Feasibility.

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Lyceum 2.0 February 16, 2011

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  1. Energy Futures of Puget Sound: Are Our Tides Part of the Solution? • Brian Polagye, Jim Thomson, and Chris Bassett • University of Washington • Northwest National Marine Renewable Energy Center Lyceum 2.0 February 16, 2011

  2. Renewable Energy Challenge Technology Feasibility Societal Concerns Viable Approaches Economic Viability Environmental Impacts

  3. Harnessing the Power of the Tides • Vertical Motion • Barrage Impoundment • Hydrokinetics – moving water

  4. Industry Overview • Challenges • Tidal Power in Puget Sound • Establishing Context

  5. “Typical” Sites and Devices Gearbox-Generator Pile Gravity Base Direct Drive Generator 20-60 m Drive Train • Rotor • 5-20 m • 10-30 rpm 2-4 m/s Foundation

  6. Worldwide Demonstrations • EMEC • OpenHydro • Atlantis • Tidal Generation Ltd. • Voith Hydro • FORCE • OpenHydro • CleanCurrent • MCT CleanCurrent Hammerfest Strøm Pulse Tidal Voith Hydro MCT ORPC Verdant Power

  7. Verdant Power Kinetic Hydropower System East River, US (2005 – 2008) • 6 turbines • 5 m diameter • 33 kW rated power

  8. Ocean Renewable Power Company Eastport, ME (2010 – ?) • 2.5 m diameter • 240 kW rated power

  9. OpenHydro EMEC, UK (2008 – ?) Bay of Fundy, CN (2009 – 2010) • 6 m diameter • 300 kW rated power • 10 m diameter • 1000 kW rated power

  10. Marine Current Turbines SeaGen StrangfordLough, UK (2008 – ?) SeaFlow Lynmouth, UK (2003 – 2009) • 16 m diameter x 2 • 1200 kW rated power • 11 m diameter • 300 kW rated power

  11. Industry Overview • Challenges • Tidal Power in Puget Sound • Establishing Context

  12. Tidal Energy Challenge Technology Feasibility Societal Concerns Economic Viability Environmental Impacts

  13. Technical Challenges • Deep water deployments • Most of the resource is in water deeper than 20m • Inspection and maintenance • Long-term reliability • Moving parts in the marine environment • 2+ year maintenance interval for rotor and power train • 20+ year service life 6 months

  14. Economic Challenges • Capital cost for extended marine deployments • Operations in marine environment • Intensive environmental monitoring requirements

  15. Environmental Challenges • Study priorities – 1000’s of possible effects • “Chicken and Egg” Problem • Need devices in the water to reduce large uncertainties • Cannot receive permit to operate with large uncertainties • Technology readiness of monitoring instruments • “You can only analyze what you can measure…” • Existing tools focused on stock assessments, not individuals • Significant overlap with fundamental research needs • High natural variability in relation to project scale

  16. Social Challenges • Tribes • Usual and Accustomed Treaty Rights • Fishing and crabbing • Commercial Users • Fishing and crabbing • Shipping • Recreational Users • Fishing and crabbing • Diving • Military

  17. Industry Overview • Challenges • Tidal Power in Puget Sound • Establishing Context

  18. Tidal Energy Projects in Puget Sound 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 Tacoma Narrows Feasibility Study 2013

  19. Tidal Energy Projects in Puget Sound 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 Tacoma Narrows Preliminary Permit 2013

  20. Tidal Energy Projects in Puget Sound Spieden Channel Preliminary Permit Guemes Channel Preliminary Permit 2005 2006 Deception Pass Preliminary Permit 2007 San Juan Channel Preliminary Permit Admiralty Inlet Preliminary Permit 2008 2009 2010 Agate Passage Preliminary Permit 2011 Rich Passage Preliminary Permit 2012 Tacoma Narrows 2nd Feasibility Study 2013

  21. Tidal Energy Projects in Puget Sound Guemes Channel Preliminary Permit Spieden Channel Preliminary Permit 2005 2005 Deception Pass Preliminary Permit 2006 2006 2007 2007 • Admiralty Inlet • Preliminary Permit • Feasibility Study San Juan Channel Preliminary Permit 2008 2008 2009 2009 2010 2010 Agate Passage Permit Surrendered 2011 2011 • Rich Passage • Permit Surrendered 2012 2012 • Tacoma Narrows • Permit Surrendered 2013 2013

  22. Tidal Energy Projects in Puget Sound Guemes Channel Preliminary Permit Spieden Channel Preliminary Permit 2005 Deception Pass Preliminary Permit 2006 2007 • Admiralty Inlet • Preliminary Application Document • Pre-Installation Monitoring • Site Characterization San Juan Channel Permit Surrendered 2008 2009 Marrowstone Island Demonstration Project Studies 2010 2011 2012 2013

  23. Tidal Energy Projects in Puget Sound Guemes Channel Permit Surrendered Spieden Channel Permit Surrendered 2005 Deception Pass Inactive Permit 2006 2007 • Admiralty Inlet • Draft License Application • Monitoring Specifications and Development • Site Characterization 2008 2009 • Marrowstone Island • Demonstration Project Studies • Test Platform Proposed 2010 2011 2012 2013

  24. Tidal Energy Projects in Puget Sound 2005 Deception Pass Inactive Permit 2006 2007 • Admiralty Inlet • Final License Application • Monitoring Specifications and Development • Site Characterization 2008 2009 • Marrowstone Island • Demonstration Project Inactive • Test Platform Planning 2010 2011 2012 2013

  25. Tidal Energy Projects in Puget Sound 2005 Deception Pass Inactive Permit 2006 2007 • Admiralty Inlet • Turbine Procurement • Cable Laying • Monitoring Development 2008 2009 • Marrowstone Island • Test Platform Studies • Test Platform Design 2010 2011 2012 2013

  26. Tidal Energy Projects in Puget Sound 2005 Deception Pass Inactive Permit 2006 2007 Admiralty Inlet Turbine Installation 2008 2009 Marrowstone Island Test Platform Construction 2010 2011 2012 2013

  27. Admiralty Inlet Pilot Tidal Energy Project Snohomish PUD - OpenHydro Snohomish PUD Project Everett Seattle • 2 turbines • Pilot demonstration • 3-5 years of evaluation

  28. Industry Overview • Challenges • Tidal Power in Puget Sound • Establishing Context

  29. Northwest National Marine Renewable Energy Center (NNMREC) UW-NNMREC Tidal Energy OSU-NNMREC Wave Energy Resource and Site Assessment Environmental Effects Materials Suitability Device and Array Optimization Testing Facilities 8 Faculty members involved 10 Graduate student researchers supported

  30. Establishing Context • Information is needed by: Site Developers Optimal siting Device Developers Design loads Environmental context Regulatory Agencies • Existing information is insufficient • Approaches to close knowledge gaps are underdeveloped

  31. Relative Scale of Pilot Scale

  32. Mark II Sea Spider Tripod • PODS • Porpoise Presence Hydrophone Underwater Noise Fish Tag Receiver Individual IDs Graduate Student CTDO Water Quality ADCP Current Velocity

  33. A Research “Cruise” (Condensed)

  34. Sea Spider Deployment (Sub-Optimal)

  35. Tidal Energy Resource Idle Operating

  36. Underwater Noise

  37. Vessel Traffic – May 2010

  38. Vessel Traffic Patterns - 2010 Distance to Nearest Vessel (km)

  39. Future Plans for UW-NNMREC • Develop capabilities to monitor environmental effects of pilot projects. • Help to monitor effects of pilot projects and identify potential environmental impacts for larger deployments.

  40. Conclusions • Tidal energy is not a “silver bullet”, but could be regionally important. • Significant challenges must be overcome prior to commercial development. • Opportunity for universities to help solve these problems and train the first generation of marine energy engineers.

  41. Thank You This material is based upon work supported by the Department of Energy under Award Number DE-FG36-08GO18179 and Snohomish PUD . • More information available at: • Tidal:http://depts.washington.edu/nnmrec • Wave: http://nnmrec.orgeonstate.edu

  42. A Roadmap for Monitoring?

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