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Understanding the Legislative Process: From Bill to Law

This overview explains the journey of a bill in the U.S. Congress, detailing the referral to committees based on relevancy, the options available to committees (such as hearings and mark-ups), and the different processes in the House and Senate. Key terms like filibuster and cloture are introduced, alongside the impact of conference committees in shaping legislation. Finally, it discusses presidential actions on bills, including signing, vetoing, and the nuances of a pocket veto. Gain insights into how legislation is crafted, debated, and enacted.

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Understanding the Legislative Process: From Bill to Law

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Presentation Transcript

  1. Bill becomes a Law AP GOV

  2. Referral to Committee • A bill is assigned to a specific committee based on the relevancy and expertise in that committee, • a bill may have multiple committee referrals • A bill may also be subdivided into subcommittees

  3. 6 Options of a Committee • 1. Do Nothing- Pigeonholing = high % • 2. Hold Hearings • 3. Approve the bill as is • 4. Approve the bill with changes “mark-ups” • 5. Write a completely new bill with the same concept • 6. Report badly on the bill and return it to the Chamber = low %

  4. Hearings • Often public- sometimes private • Scheduled Hearings usually include: Lobbyists Experts/ Gov’t Agency Representatives Special Interest Groups Public- anyone who wants to show up and listen

  5. Floor Action • House and Senate are different • HOUSE- Bill is put on a calendar and the RULES COMMITTEE assigns a rule as to how it is debated • SENATE- Bill is put on a calendar and it must have UNANIMOUS CONSENT as to how it will be debated

  6. Vocab Terms- you find’em! • Filibuster- • Cloture-

  7. Conference Committee • Attendees: Authors of the bill, Committee Chairmen, and Party Leaders • Results in a large % of power in the hands of a small # of legislators (long time incumbents- keeping power to stay powerful) • When/If the compromise is made, they return to their Chambers and recommend passage • Most members vote to approve the changes because of deadlines and pressures to get something done.

  8. Presidential Actions • 1. Sign the bill into Law • 2. Veto the bill • 3. Do nothing- it will then become a law in 10 days (very rare) • 4. Pocket Veto- If Congress adjourns in fewer than 10 days, they can’t override the Veto, and the bill dies.

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