Understanding Taxonomy: The Science of Classification in Biology
Taxonomy is the science of classification, which helps us organize and study living organisms based on shared characteristics. Developed by Carolus Linnaeus in the 18th century, Linnaean taxonomy categorizes life into hierarchical groups: Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, and Species. The system uses binomial nomenclature, where every species is identified by its genus and species names, e.g., Homo sapiens. A dichotomous key aids in species identification through a series of yes/no questions based on physical traits.
Understanding Taxonomy: The Science of Classification in Biology
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Presentation Transcript
Classification How/Why do we classify? Makes objects easier to study, identify, discuss Based on grouping similar characteristics TAXONOMY= The study of classification
Linnaean Taxonomy Kingdom (most general) King Phylum Philip Class Came Order Over Family For Genus Grasshopper Species (most specific) Soup
Binomial nomenclature 2 names = Genus + species Genus, species ex. Homo sapiens Felisdomesticus Canis familiaris If you know the genus and species, you know ALL the other categories!
SPECIES + = A group of organisms that can produce offspring AND their offspring can also reproduce
DICHOTOMOUS KEY 1 used to identify organisms based on physical characteristics pairs of opposing questions AKA: “taxonomic key”
1a) Does it have feathers? Go to 2 1b) Does it NOT have feathers? Go to 3 2a) Does it have webbed feet? Duck 2b) Does it NOT have webbed feet? Hen 3a) Does it have legs? Lizard 3b) Does it not have legs? Snake
