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Poliomyelitis (Polio)

Poliomyelitis (Polio). By: Harsh Moolani Kristina Canary. Viruses. A virus is an infectious , protein coated fragment of DNA or RNA ( Bobick et. al., 2004). Viruses replicate by invading host cells and they take over the cell’s “machinery” for DNA replication ( Bobick et. Al., 2004).

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Poliomyelitis (Polio)

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  1. Poliomyelitis (Polio) By: Harsh Moolani Kristina Canary

  2. Viruses • A virus is an infectious , protein coated fragment of DNA or RNA (Bobick et. al., 2004). • Viruses replicate by invading host cells and they take over the cell’s “machinery” for DNA replication (Bobick et. Al., 2004). • Viruses include small pox, pertussis, yellow fever, chicken pox, HIV, measles, and polio.

  3. Transmission • Polio can be transferred in multiple ways and some include: • Direct person-to-person contact (NCBI, 2012) • Contact with mucus or saliva from the nose or mouth (NCBI, 2012) • Contact with infected feces (NCBI, 2012)

  4. Symptoms • General discomfort • Headache • Red throat • Slight fever • Sore Throat • Vomiting (PubMed, 2013) • Paralysis

  5. Prevalence • Prevalence with polio has fallen over 99% since 1988 (PubMed, 2013) • Only 3 world countries are polio endemic worldwide (Pakistan, Afghanistan, and Nigeria

  6. Prevention • The polio vaccine which has prevented over 90% of the polio virus (PubMed, 2013) • Don’t associate with a polio carrier • Don’t have contact with feces, or the mucus of the infected individual

  7. Treatment • Antibiotics for urinary tract infections • Moist heat to reduce muscle pains and spasms (PubMed, 2013) • Painkillers to reduce headache, pain, and spasms • Physical therapy, braces, corrective shoes, or orthopedic surgery to help recover muscle strength and function

  8. Social Impact • Over the past two decades, tremendous progress has been made toward the eradication of polio. (Bill Gates Foundation, 2012) • The polio virus was endemic in 125 countries and about 350,000 people, primarily young children, were annually paralyzed.

  9. Economic Impact • Once polio is eradicated, the world can celebrate public good that will benefit all people everywhere in the world • Eradicating polio in the next five years would save at least $40–50 billion (WHO, 2012)

  10. Sources • BillGatesFoundation. (2012). Polio. [accessed 11 March 2013]. Retrieved from http://www.gatesfoundation.org/What-We-Do/Global-Development/Polio • Worldhealthorganization. (2012). Poliomyelitis. [accessed 11 March 2013]. Retrieved from http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs114/en/ • PubMed Health. (2013). Poliomyelitis. [accessed 11 March 2013]. Retrieved from www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH/0002375/ • Bobick, J., Balban, N., Bobick, S., & Roberts, L. B. (2004). The Handy Biology Answer Book. Canton, MI: Visible Ink Press.

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