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Phylum Chordata

Phylum Chordata. Phylum Chordata. common characteristics  segmented muscles  ventral heart  complete digestive system. Five defining chordate characteristics  pharyngeal gill slits  dorsal, hollow nerve cord post anal tail e ndostyle /thyroid gland  notochord.

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Phylum Chordata

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  1. Phylum Chordata

  2. Phylum Chordata common characteristics segmented muscles  ventral heart  complete digestive system • Five defining chordate characteristics pharyngeal gill slits  dorsal, hollow nerve cord • post anal tail • endostyle/thyroid gland  notochord

  3. Body Structure post-anal tail pharyngeal slits & atriopore Notochord with myomeres dorsal, hollow nerve cord

  4. SubphylumUrochordata (Tunicates) “tail string” Adult Larva • all are filter feeders • sessile & pelagic; solitary & colonial • tadpole-like larva

  5. Three Classes • Ascidiacea • Larvacea • Thaliacea

  6. Class Ascidiacea “sea squirts” • u-shaped gut, with incurrent oral and excurrent atrial siphons • large central chamber (atrium)

  7. Larval Ascidean

  8. Class Thaliacea

  9. Class Larvacea

  10. Subphylum Cephalochordata “head string” Lancelets (Amphioxus) • burrow into sand & shell gravels • filter feeders

  11. Closed Circulatory System • flow pattern similar to fishes • no “heart” • peristaltic contractions of blood vessels

  12. Filter Feeders

  13. Phylum Chordata Subphylum Vertebrata • larval notochord replaced by vertebral column in adults • dorsal nerve cord • pharyngeal gill slits

  14. Trends in Vertebrate Evolution • Living Endoskeleton • Pharynx and Efficient Respiration • Advanced Nervous System • Paired Limbs

  15. Early Chordata Fossils • Pikaia • Resembles Amphioxus • Distinct notochord • Chevron shaped muscle

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