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Learn effective brand positioning strategies, competition analysis, differentiation methods, and communication approaches. Develop a unique value proposition for your brand and understand the importance of Points-of-Difference and Points-of-Parity. Find out alternative positioning techniques and branding tips for small businesses.
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Chapter 10 Crafting the Brand Positioning
Learning Objectives • How can a firm develop and establish an effective positioning in the market? • How do marketers identify and analyze competition? • How are brands successfully differentiated? • How do firms communicate their positioning? • What are some alternative approaches to positioning? • What are the differences in positioning and branding for a small business?
Developing a Brand Positioning • Positioning • The act of designing a company’s offering and image to occupy a distinctive place in the minds of the target market • Value proposition
Competitive Frameof Reference • Competitive frame of reference • Defines which other brands a brand competes with and which should thus be the focus of competitive analysis • Identifying and analyzing competitors
Points-of-Differenceand Points-of-Parity • Points-of-difference (PODs) • Attributes/benefits that consumers strongly associate with a brand, positively evaluate, and believe they could not find to the same extent with a competitive brand
Points-of-Differenceand Points-of-Parity • POD criteria Desirable Deliverable Differentiating
Points-of-Differenceand Points-of-Parity • Points-of-parity (POPs) • Attribute/benefit associations that are not necessarily unique to the brand but may in fact be shared with other brands
Points-of-Differenceand Points-of-Parity • POP forms Category Correlational Competitive
Pop vs. pod • Multiple Frames of Reference • Straddle Positioning
Points-of-Differenceand Points-of-Parity • Choosing specific POPs and PODs • Competitive advantage • Means of differentiation • Perceptual map • Emotional branding
Points-of-Differenceand Points-of-Parity • Brand mantras Communicate Simplify Inspire
Establishing a Brand Positioning • Communicating category membership Announcing category benefits Comparing to exemplars Relying on product descriptor
CommunicatingPOPs and PODs • Negatively correlated attributes/benefits • Low price vs. high quality • Taste vs. low calories • Powerful vs. safe • Ubiquitous vs. exclusive • Varied vs. simple
Monitoring Competition • Variables in assessing potential competitors • Share of market • Share of mind • Share of heart
Alternative ApproachestoPositioning • Brand narratives and storytelling • Setting • Cast • Narrative arc • Language • Cultural branding
Positioning/Brandingfor A Small Business • Find compelling product performance advantage • Focus on building one or two strong brands based on one or two key associations • Encourage product trial in any way possible • Develop cohesive digital strategy to make the brand “bigger and better” • Create buzz and a loyal brand community • Employ a well-integrated set of brand elements • Leverage as many secondary associations as possible • Creatively conduct low-cost marketing research